Activació temporal de metes igualitàries i la seua influència sobre la inhibició d'estereotips de gènere en una tasca de priming semàntic

• Autores: María Aranda López, Eva Ariño Mateo
• Localización: Anuari de psicologia de la Societat Valenciana de Psicologia, ISSN 1135-1268, Vol. 15, Nº. 1, 2013-2014, págs. 45-68
• Idioma: catalán
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Temporary activation of egalitarian goals and its influence on gender stereotypes inhibition in a semantic priming task
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo
• Resumen
  • català

    Estudis recents sobre els processos automàtics han analitzat la manera en què les metes poden operar fora de la consciència i controlar la cognició.

    Alguns autors han generat estats de discrepància per a activar-les i mesurar la influència que exerceixen principalment sobre estereotips racials. En aquesta recerca s’ha explorat un nou procediment per a generar metes igualitàries de manera temporal i se n’ha examinat l’efecte sobre l’activació d’estereotips de gènere en una tasca de priming semàntic subliminal. Per a això, es va manipular la informació a què van ser exposats els participants prèviament a la tasca de priming, demanant-los que pensaren en paraules semànticament igualitàries o neutres. Els resultats van mostrar un efecte inhibidor en la condició experimental sobre els estereotips femenins, tant positius com negatius, però no sobre els masculins. L’exposició a paraules igualitàries va activar una cognició controlada que va donar lloc a un temps de resposta major en els assajos congruents que en els incongruents pel que fa a la categoria «dona», especialment quan es tractava dels atributs amb valència negativa. Aquests descobriments suposen un avanç més en el camp dels processos automàtics, en particular, pel que fa a la manera en què els estereotips de gènere es mantenen o s’inhibeixen. Sembla que els efectes de la igualtat sobre els estereotips de gènere estan restringits a només un dels target: les dones.

  • English

    Recent studies on automatic processes of stereotyping have analyzed the way in which goals operate outside of conscious awareness, control cognition.

    Authors generate discrepancy states to produce egalitarian goals and measuring this influence mainly on racial stereotypes. In this study, we explored another mode to induce egalitarian goals and examine their effects on gender stereotypes. We studied the activation of gender stereotypes in a subliminal semantic priming task. Specifically, we manipulated the information to which participants were previously exposed to a task, asking participants to think about semantically egalitarian or neutral words. The results of the present study showed an inhibitory effect on female but not male stereotypes, both positive and negative, in the experimental condition. Exposure to egalitarian words activated controlled cognition which resulted in higher response time in congruent trials than in incongruent ones regarding females.

    These findings indicate another advance in the complex topic of automatic processes of stereotyping, particularly, in the manner which gender stereotypes are maintained or inhibited. It seems that egalitarianism effects on gender stereotypes are restricted to only one of the targets: women.

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