Socio-psychological barriers for peace making and ideas to overcome them

• Autores: Daniel Bar-Tal, Eran Halperin
• Localización: International Journal of Social Psychology, Revista de Psicología Social, ISSN-e 1579-3680, ISSN 0213-4748, Vol. 29, Nº 1, 2014, págs. 1-30
• Idioma: inglés
• DOI: 10.1080/02134748.2013.878568
• Texto completo no disponible (Saber más ...)
• Dialnet Métricas: 16 Citas
• Resumen
  • español

    Los intensos y violentos conflictos intergrupales que asolan distintas partes del mundo son reales. Estos conflictos proceden de desacuerdos respecto a metas e intereses contradictorios que es necesario abordar si se pretenden resolver. Es de sobra sabido que dichos desacuerdos podrían resolverse si no fuera por las importantes barreras sociopsicológicas que los alimentan y mantienen; barreras que inhiben e impiden el progreso hacia su resolución pacífica. Son obstáculos de primera magnitud en los inicios de la negociación, en las etapas intermedias de la negociación, en el desarrollo de acuerdos y finalmente en el proceso de reconciliación. Tanto los líderes como los miembros de las sociedades involucradas en conflictos intergrupales cruentos, violentos y de larga duración presentan estas barreras, que influyen en el funcionamiento integrado de procesos cognitivos, emocionales y motivacionales, en combinación con un repertorio previo de creencias, formas de ver el mundo y emociones rígidas, y que conducen a un procesamiento de la información selectivo, sesgado y distorsionado. Este procesamiento obstruye e inhibe la penetración de nueva información que podría contribuir a facilitar el progreso del proceso de paz. El presente artículo hace una elaboración sobre la naturaleza de las barreras sociopsicológicas y propone ideas preliminares para superarlas, centradas en el proceso de descongelamiento que puede eventualmente llevar a la ruptura de la adhesión al repertorio que sostiene la continuación del conflicto, su evaluación y la activación de la predisposición a considerar creencias alternativas que apoyen la paz

  • English

    Intensive and violent intergroup conflicts that rage in different parts of the world are real. These conflicts center over disagreements focusing on contradictory goals and interests in different domains and must be addressed in conflict resolution. It is well known that the disagreements could potentially be resolved if not the powerful socio-psychological barriers which fuel and maintain the conflicts. These barriers inhibit and impede progress towards peaceful settlement of the conflict. They stand as major obstacles to begin the negotiation, to continue the negotiation, to achieve an agreement and later to engage in a process of reconciliation. These barriers are found among both leaders and society members that are involved in vicious, violent and protracted intergroup conflicts. They pertain to the integrated operation of cognitive, emotional and motivational processes, combined with a pre-existing repertoire of rigid supporting beliefs, world views and emotions that result in selective, biased and distorted information processing. This processing obstructs and inhibits the penetration of new information that can potentially contribute to facilitating progress in the peace-making process. The paper elaborates on the nature of the socio-psychological barriers and proposes preliminary ideas of how to overcome them. These ideas focus on the unfreezing process which eventually may lead to cessation of adherence to the repertoire that supports the continuation of the conflict, its evaluation and arousal of the readiness to entertain of alternative beliefs that support peace making

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