Construcción de un cuestionario para la evaluación de la gratitud: el Cuestionario de Gratitud � 20 ítems (G-20)

• Autores: Gloria Bernabé Valero, Joaquín García Alandete, José Francisco Gallego Pérez
• Localización: Anales de psicología, ISSN-e 1695-2294, ISSN 0212-9728, Vol. 30, Nº. 1, 2014, págs. 278-286
• Idioma: español
• DOI: 10.6018/analesps.30.1.135511
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo
• Dialnet Métricas: 10 Citas
• Resumen
  • español

    Se desarrolló una escala para la medición de la gratitud. Un ban-co inicial de 50 ítems, construidos y revisados siguiendo criterios precisos, se administró a 330 universitarios españoles (242 mujeres, 72.5%; 88 hom-bres), con edades comprendidas entre 18 y 43 años, M = 23.33, DT = 4.87. Un Análisis Factorial Exploratorio dio lugar a una solución terminal de 20 ítems con una estructura interna de 4 factores, que se denominó Cuestionario de Gratitud�20 Ítems. Un Análisis Factorial Confirmatorio sobre la matriz de correlaciones policóricas mostró un adecuado ajuste de la escala. La escala y las componentes presentaron consistencia interna entre aceptable y alta. La validez concurrente se comprobó mediante correlación de Pearson con la escala Gratitude Questionnaire�Six Item Form, y la validez discriminante me-diante análisis confirmatorio de factores latentes con el Purpose-In-Life Test. Los resultados obtenidos indicaron que las dimensiones del Cuestionario de Gratitud�20 Ítems pueden estar estrechamente relacionadas con la gratitud

  • English

    A new questionnaire was developed in order to have an instru-ment for the assessment of gratitude. An original pool of 50 items, con-structed and reviewed using accurate standards, was filled out by 330 Span-ish undergraduates (242 females, 72.5%; 88 males), aged 18-43, M = 23.33, SD = 4.87. An Exploratory Factor Analysis concluded with the selection of 20 items with an internal four-factors structure, resulting in a scale called Cuestionario de Gratitud�20 Items. A Confirmatory Factor Analysis using the matrix of policorics correlations showed an adequated fit of the model. The questionnaire and the four components showed an internal consisten-cy between acceptable and high. The concurrent validity was checked by means of Pearson�s correlation with the Gratitude Questionnaire�Six Items Form, and discriminant validity was checked by means of confirmatory analysis of latent factors with the Purpose-In-Life Test. The results indicated that the dimensions of the Cuestionario de Gratitud�20 Ítems may be closely related with gratitude

• Referencias bibliográficas
  • Adler, M. G. y Fagley, N. S. (2005). Appreciation: Individual Differences in Finding Value and Meaning as a Unique Predictor of Subjective...
  • Anderson, N. H. (2005). How sharper than a serpent's tooth. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 24(7), 1077-1080.
  • Baumgarten-Tramer, F. (1938). «Gratefulness» in children and young people. Journal of Genetic Psychology, 53, 53-66. doi:10.1080/08856559.1938.10533797
  • Bentler, P. M. y Bonnet, D. G. (1980). Significance tests and goodness-of-fit in the analysis of covariance structures. Psychological Bulletin,...
  • Browne, M. W. y Cudeck, R. (1993). Alternative ways of assessing model fit. En K. A. Bollen y J. S. Long (Eds.), Testing structural equation...
  • Crumbaugh, J. C. y Maholick, L. T. (1969). Manual of instructions for the Purpose in Life Test. Saratoga: Viktor Frankl Institute of Logotherapy.
  • Diener, E., Emmons, R. A, Larsen, R. J. y Griffin, S. (1985). The satisfaction with life scale. Journal of Personality Assessment, 49(1),...
  • Eagly, A. H. y Crowley, M. (1986). Gender and helping behavior: A meta-analytic review of the social psychological literature. Psychological...
  • Emmons, R. A. y McCullough, M. E. (2003). Counting blessings versus burdens: An experimental investigation of gratitude and subjective well-being...
  • Emmons, R. A. y McNamara, P. (2006). Sacred emotions and affective neu-roscience: Gratitude, costly signaling, and the brain. En P. McNama-ra...
  • Fredrickson, B. L. (2004). Gratitude, Like Other Positive Emotions, Broadens and Builds. En R. A. Emmons y M. E. McCullough (Eds.), The psychology...
  • García-Alandete, J. y Pérez-Delgado, E. (2005). Actitudes religiosas y valores en un grupo de jóvenes universitarios españoles. Anales de...
  • García-Alandete, J., Rosa, E. y Sellés, P. (2013). Estructura factorial y fiabili-dad del Purpose-In-Life Test. Universitas Psychologica,...
  • George, D. y Mallery, P. (1995). SPSS/PC+ step by step: A simple guide and reference. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.
  • Hair, J. F., Anderson, R. E., Tatham, R. L. y Black, W. C. (2007). Análisis multivariante. Madrid: Prentice Hall.
  • Kashdan, T. B., Mishra, A., Breen, W. E. y Froh, J. J. (2009). Gender differences in gratitude: Examining appraisals, narratives, the willingness...
  • Krause, N. (2006). Gratitude toward God, stress, and health in late life. Research on Aging, 28(2), 163-183. doi:10.1177/0164027505284048
  • Levant, R. F. y Kopecky, G. (1994). Masculinity Reconstructed: Changing the Rules of Manhood-at Work, in Relationships and in Family Life....
  • Lyubomirsky, S., Dickerhoof, R., Boehm, J. K. y Sheldon, K. M. (2008). How and why do positive activities work to boost well-being?: Two experimental...
  • Martínez-Martí, M. L., Avia, M. D. y Hernández-Lloreda, M. J. (2010). The effects of counting blessings on subjective well-being: A gratitude...
  • McCullough, M. E., Emmons, R. A. y Tsang, J. A. (2002). The grateful disposition: A conceptual and empirical topography. Journal of Personality...
  • McCullough, M. E., Kilpatrick, S. D., Emmons, R. A. y Larson, D. B. (2001). Is gratitude a moral affect? Psychological Bulletin, 127(2), 249-266....
  • Nunnally, J. C. y Bernstein, I. H. (1994). Psychometric Theory. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.
  • Ramírez, M. C. y Rodríguez, A. (2006). Variables predictoras de la actitud hacia los inmigrantes en la Región de Murcia (España). Anales de...
  • Rennie, K. M. (1997). Exploratory and Confirmatory Rotation Strategies in Explora-tory Factor Analysis. Comunicación presentada en el encuentro...
  • Rosenberg, E. L. (1998). Levelsof analysis and the organization of affect. Review of General Psychology, 2(3), 247-270. doi:10.1037//1089-2680.2.3.247
  • Schwartz, S. H. y Rubel, T. (2005). Sex differences in value priorities: Cross-cultural and multimethod studies. Journal of personalityand...
  • Seligman, M. E. P. (2002). Positive psychology, positive prevention, and positive therapy. Handbook of Positive Psychology, 2, 3-12.
  • Seligman, M. E. P. (2003). La auténtica felicidad. Barcelona: Ediciones B.
  • Streiner, D. L. (1993). A checklist for evaluating the usefulness of rating scales. The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 38, 140-148.
  • Timmers, M., Fischer, A. H. y Manstead, A. S. R. (1998). Gender differences in motives for regulating emotions. Personality and Social Psychology...
  • Watkins, P. C., Woodward, K., Stone, T. y Kolts, R. L. (2003). Gratitude and Happiness: Development of a measure of Gratitude, and relationships...
  • Wood, A. M, Froh, J. J. y Geraghty, A. W. A. (2010). Gratitude and well-being: A review and theoretical integration. Clinical Psychology Review,...
  • Wood, A. M., Maltby, J., Stewart, N. y Joseph, S. (2008). Conceptualizing gratitude and appreciation as a unitary personality trait. Personality...
  • Wood, A. M., Maltby, J., Stewart, N., Linley, P. A. y Joseph, S. (2008). A social-cognitive model of trait and state levels of gratitude....
  • Zacarés, J. J., Iborra, A., Tomás, J. M. y Serra, E. (2009). El desarrollo de la identidad en la adolescencia y adultez emergente: Una comparación...