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Fernando Lino Vázquez González, Vanessa Blanco Seoane, Ángela Torres Iglesias, Patricia Otero Otero, Elisabet Hermida
revThis paper rev This paper rev This paper revThis paper rev This paper reviewed the research on effectiveness of iewed the research on effectiveness of iewed the research on effectiveness of iewed the research on effectiveness of iewed the research on effectiveness of iewed the research on effectiveness of iewed the research on effectiveness of iewed the research on effectiveness of iewed the research on effectiveness of iewed the research on effectiveness of iewed the research on effectiveness of iewed the research on effectiveness of iewed the research on effectiveness of iewed the research on effectiveness of iewed the research on effectiveness of iewed the research on effectiveness of iewed the research on effectiveness of iewed the research on effectiveness of iewed the research on effectiveness of iewed the research on effectiveness of iewed the research on effectiveness of iewed the research on effectiveness of iewed the research on effectiveness of psychological and psychoeducational interventions to prevent depression in psychological and psychoeducational interventions to prevent depression in psychological and psychoeducational interventions to prevent depression in psychological and psychoeducational interventions to prevent depression in psychological and psychoeducational interventions to prevent depression in psychological and psychoeducational interventions to prevent depression in psychological and psychoeducational interventions to prevent depression in psychological and psychoeducational interventions to prevent depression in psychological and psychoeducational interventions to prevent depression in psychological and psychoeducational interventions to prevent depression in psychological and psychoeducational interventions to prevent depression in psychological and psychoeducational interventions to prevent depression in psychological and psychoeducational interventions to prevent depression in psychological and psychoeducational interventions to prevent depression in psychological and psychoeducational interventions to prevent depression in psychological and psychoeducational interventions to prevent depression in psychological and psychoeducational interventions to prevent depression in psychological and psychoeducational interventions to prevent depression in psychological and psychoeducational interventions to prevent depression in psychological and psychoeducational interventions to prevent depression in psychological and psychoeducational interventions to prevent depression in psychological and psychoeducational interventions to prevent depression in psychological and psychoeducational interventions to prevent depression in psychological and psychoeducational interventions to prevent depression in psychological and psychoeducational interventions to prevent depression in psychological and psychoeducational interventions to prevent depression in psychological and psychoeducational interventions to prevent depression in psychological and psychoeducational interventions to prevent depression in psychological and psychoeducational interventions to prevent depression in psychological and psychoeducational interventions to prevent depression in psychological and psychoeducational interventions to prevent depression in subjects with symptoms of depression,subjects with symptoms of depression, subjects with symptoms of depression,subjects with symptoms of depression,subjects with symptoms of depression, subjects with symptoms of depression,subjects with symptoms of depression, subjects with symptoms of depression,subjects with symptoms of depression,subjects with symptoms of depression,subjects with symptoms of depression, subjects with symptoms of depression,subjects with symptoms of depression,subjects with symptoms of depression,subjects with symptoms of depression, subjects with symptoms of depression,subjects with symptoms of depression,subjects with symptoms of depression,subjects with symptoms of depression, subjects with symptoms of depression,subjects with symptoms of depression,subjects with symptoms of depression,subjects with symptoms of depression, but that did not meet criteria for a but that did not meet criteria for a but that did not meet criteria for a but that did not meet criteria for a but that did not meet criteria for a but that did not meet criteria for a but that did not meet criteria for a but that did not meet criteria for a but that did not meet criteria for a but that did not meet criteria for a but that did not meet criteria for a but that did not meet criteria for a but that did not meet criteria for a but that did not meet criteria for a but that did not meet criteria for a but that did not meet criteria for a but that did not meet criteria for a but that did not meet criteria for a but that did not meet criteria for a but that did not meet criteria for a current major depressive episodecurrent major depressive episode current major depressive episode current major depressive episode current major depressive episodecurrent major depressive episode current major depressive episode current major depressive episodecurrent major depressive episodecurrent major depressive episode current major depressive episodecurrent major depressive episodecurrent major depressive episodecurrent major depressive episodecurrent major depressive episodecurrent major depressive episodecurrent major depressive episodecurrent major depressive episode current major depressive episode (indicated prevention). (indicated prevention). (indicated prevention). (indicated prevention).(indicated prevention).(indicated prevention). FortyForty Forty -two two randomized controlled trials, evaluating thirty randomized controlled trials, evaluating thirtyrandomized controlled trials, evaluating thirtyrandomized controlled trials, evaluating thirty randomized controlled trials, evaluating thirtyrandomized controlled trials, evaluating thirty randomized controlled trials, evaluating thirty randomized controlled trials, evaluating thirtyrandomized controlled trials, evaluating thirtyrandomized controlled trials, evaluating thirtyrandomized controlled trials, evaluating thirtyrandomized controlled trials, evaluating thirty randomized controlled trials, evaluating thirty randomized controlled trials, evaluating thirtyrandomized controlled trials, evaluating thirty randomized controlled trials, evaluating thirtyrandomized controlled trials, evaluating thirtyrandomized controlled trials, evaluating thirty randomized controlled trials, evaluating thirty randomized controlled trials, evaluating thirty randomized controlled trials, evaluating thirtyrandomized controlled trials, evaluating thirty randomized controlled trials, evaluating thirty -six preventive programs six preventive programs six preventive programs six preventive programs six preventive programs six preventive programs six preventive programs six preventive programs six preventive programs six preventive programs six preventive programs six preventive programs six preventive programs identified through theidentified through theidentified through theidentified through the identified through theidentified through theidentified through theidentified through the identified through the identified through the Medline, PsycINFO, ERIC and EMBASE databases Medline, PsycINFO, ERIC and EMBASE databases Medline, PsycINFO, ERIC and EMBASE databases Medline, PsycINFO, ERIC and EMBASE databases Medline, PsycINFO, ERIC and EMBASE databases Medline, PsycINFO, ERIC and EMBASE databases Medline, PsycINFO, ERIC and EMBASE databases Medline, PsycINFO, ERIC and EMBASE databases Medline, PsycINFO, ERIC and EMBASE databases Medline, PsycINFO, ERIC and EMBASE databases Medline, PsycINFO, ERIC and EMBASE databases Medline, PsycINFO, ERIC and EMBASE databases Medline, PsycINFO, ERIC and EMBASE databases Medline, PsycINFO, ERIC and EMBASE databases Medline, PsycINFO, ERIC and EMBASE databases Medline, PsycINFO, ERIC and EMBASE databases Medline, PsycINFO, ERIC and EMBASE databases Medline, PsycINFO, ERIC and EMBASE databases Medline, PsycINFO, ERIC and EMBASE databases Medline, PsycINFO, ERIC and EMBASE databases Medline, PsycINFO, ERIC and EMBASE databases and the Cochrane Collaboration of Depression, Anxiety Neurosis and the Cochrane Collaboration of Depression, Anxiety Neurosis and the Cochrane Collaboration of Depression, Anxiety Neurosis and the Cochrane Collaboration of Depression, Anxiety Neurosis and the Cochrane Collaboration of Depression, Anxiety Neurosis and the Cochrane Collaboration of Depression, Anxiety Neurosis and the Cochrane Collaboration of Depression, Anxiety Neurosis and the Cochrane Collaboration of Depression, Anxiety Neurosis and the Cochrane Collaboration of Depression, Anxiety Neurosis and the Cochrane Collaboration of Depression, Anxiety Neurosis and the Cochrane Collaboration of Depression, Anxiety Neurosis and the Cochrane Collaboration of Depression, Anxiety Neurosis and the Cochrane Collaboration of Depression, Anxiety Neurosis and the Cochrane Collaboration of Depression, Anxiety Neurosis and the Cochrane Collaboration of Depression, Anxiety Neurosis and the Cochrane Collaboration of Depression, Anxiety Neurosis and the Cochrane Collaboration of Depression, Anxiety Neurosis and the Cochrane Collaboration of Depression, Anxiety Neurosis and the Cochrane Collaboration of Depression, Anxiety Neurosis and the Cochrane Collaboration of Depression, Anxiety Neurosis and the Cochrane Collaboration of Depression, Anxiety Neurosis and the Cochrane Collaboration of Depression, Anxiety Neurosis and the Cochrane Collaboration of Depression, Anxiety Neurosis and the Cochrane Collaboration of Depression, Anxiety Neurosis and the Cochrane Collaboration of Depression, Anxiety Neurosis and the Cochrane Collaboration of Depression, Anxiety Neurosis and the Cochrane Collaboration of Depression, Anxiety Neurosis and the Cochrane Collaboration of Depression, Anxiety Neurosis and the Cochrane Collaboration of Depression, Anxiety Neurosis and the Cochrane Collaboration of Depression, Anxiety Neurosis Group Controlled Trials Register, in Spanish Group Controlled Trials Register, in Spanish Group Controlled Trials Register, in Spanish Group Controlled Trials Register, in Spanish Group Controlled Trials Register, in Spanish Group Controlled Trials Register, in Spanish Group Controlled Trials Register, in Spanish Group Controlled Trials Register, in Spanish Group Controlled Trials Register, in Spanish Group Controlled Trials Register, in Spanish Group Controlled Trials Register, in Spanish Group Controlled Trials Register, in Spanish Group Controlled Trials Register, in Spanish Group Controlled Trials Register, in Spanish Group Controlled Trials Register, in Spanish Group Controlled Trials Register, in Spanish Group Controlled Trials Register, in Spanish Group Controlled Trials Register, in Spanish Group Controlled Trials Register, in Spanish Group Controlled Trials Register, in Spanish Group Controlled Trials Register, in Spanish Group Controlled Trials Register, in Spanish Group Controlled Trials Register, in Spanish Group Controlled Trials Register, in Spanish Group Controlled Trials Register, in Spanish and English, between 1990 and English, between 1990 and English, between 1990 and English, between 1990 and English, between 1990 and English, between 1990 and English, between 1990 and English, between 1990 and English, between 1990 and English, between 1990 and English, between 1990 and English, between 1990 and 2013 and 2013and 2013 and 2013 , were selectedwere selectedwere selected were selectedwere selectedwere selectedwere selectedwere selectedwere selectedwere selected . Most indicated prevention programs showed . Most indicated prevention programs showed . Most indicated prevention programs showed . Most indicated prevention programs showed . Most indicated prevention programs showed . Most indicated prevention programs showed . Most indicated prevention programs showed . Most indicated prevention programs showed . Most indicated prevention programs showed . Most indicated prevention programs showed . Most indicated prevention programs showed . Most indicated prevention programs showed . Most indicated prevention programs showed . Most indicated prevention programs showed . Most indicated prevention programs showed . Most indicated prevention programs showed . Most indicated prevention programs showed . Most indicated prevention programs showed . Most indicated prevention programs showed . Most indicated prevention programs showed . Most indicated prevention programs showed positive effects on depressive symptoms. However, they have been found positive effects on depressive symptoms. However, they have been found positive effects on depressive symptoms. However, they have been found positive effects on depressive symptoms. However, they have been found positive effects on depressive symptoms. However, they have been found positive effects on depressive symptoms. However, they have been found positive effects on depressive symptoms. However, they have been found positive effects on depressive symptoms. However, they have been found positive effects on depressive symptoms. However, they have been found positive effects on depressive symptoms. However, they have been found positive effects on depressive symptoms. However, they have been found positive effects on depressive symptoms. However, they have been found positive effects on depressive symptoms. However, they have been found positive effects on depressive symptoms. However, they have been found positive effects on depressive symptoms. However, they have been found positive effects on depressive symptoms. However, they have been found positive effects on depressive symptoms. However, they have been found positive effects on depressive symptoms. However, they have been found positive effects on depressive symptoms. However, they have been found positive effects on depressive symptoms. However, they have been found positive effects on depressive symptoms. However, they have been found positive effects on depressive symptoms. However, they have been found positive effects on depressive symptoms. However, they have been found positive effects on depressive symptoms. However, they have been found positive effects on depressive symptoms. However, they have been found positive effects on depressive symptoms. However, they have been found positive effects on depressive symptoms. However, they have been found positive effects on depressive symptoms. However, they have been found positive effects on depressive symptoms. However, they have been found positive effects on depressive symptoms. However, they have been found positive effects on depressive symptoms. However, they have been found positive effects on depressive symptoms. However, they have been found positive effects on depressive symptoms. However, they have been found positive effects on depressive symptoms. However, they have been found positive effects on depressive symptoms. However, they have been found positive effects on depressive symptoms. However, they have been found positive effects on depressive symptoms. However, they have been found positive effects on depressive symptoms. However, they have been found positive effects on depressive symptoms. However, they have been found positive effects on depressive symptoms. However, they have been found positive effects on depressive symptoms. However, they have been found positive effects on depressive symptoms. However, they have been found positive effects on depressive symptoms. However, they have been found positive effects on depressive symptoms. However, they have been found to produce small effect sizes, and many of them had no on the produce small effect sizes, and many of them had no on the produce small effect sizes, and many of them had no on the produce small effect sizes, and many of them had no on the produce small effect sizes, and many of them had no on the produce small effect sizes, and many of them had no on the produce small effect sizes, and many of them had no on the produce small effect sizes, and many of them had no on the produce small effect sizes, and many of them had no on the produce small effect sizes, and many of them had no on the produce small effect sizes, and many of them had no on the produce small effect sizes, and many of them had no on the produce small effect sizes, and many of them had no on the produce small effect sizes, and many of them had no on the produce small effect sizes, and many of them had no on the produce small effect sizes, and many of them had no on the produce small effect sizes, and many of them had no on the produce small effect sizes, and many of them had no on the produce small effect sizes, and many of them had no on the produce small effect sizes, and many of them had no on the produce small effect sizes, and many of them had no on the produce small effect sizes, and many of them had no on the produce small effect sizes, and many of them had no on the produce small effect sizes, and many of them had no on the produce small effect sizes, and many of them had no on the produce small effect sizes, and many of them had no on the produce small effect sizes, and many of them had no on the produce small effect sizes, and many of them had no on the produce small effect sizes, and many of them had no on the produce small effect sizes, and many of them had no on the produce small effect sizes, and many of them had no on the incidence of depressiveincidence of depressive incidence of depressiveincidence of depressiveincidence of depressive incidence of depressiveincidence of depressive incidence of depressiveincidence of depressiveincidence of depressiveincidence of depressive incidence of depressiveincidence of depressiveincidence of depressiveincidence of depressiveincidence of depressive disorders. In addition, many of these studies had disorders. In addition, many of these studies had disorders. In addition, many of these studies had disorders. In addition, many of these studies had disorders. In addition, many of these studies had disorders. In addition, many of these studies had disorders. In addition, many of these studies had disorders. In addition, many of these studies had disorders. In addition, many of these studies had disorders. In addition, many of these studies had disorders. In addition, many of these studies had disorders. In addition, many of these studies had disorders. In addition, many of these studies had disorders. In addition, many of these studies had disorders. In addition, many of these studies had disorders. In addition, many of these studies had disorders. In addition, many of these studies had disorders. In addition, many of these studies had disorders. In addition, many of these studies had disorders. In addition, many of these studies had disorders. In addition, many of these studies had disorders. In addition, many of these studies had disorders. In addition, many of these studies had methodological weaknesses. Current findings supportmethodological weaknesses. Current findings supportmethodological weaknesses. Current findings support methodological weaknesses. Current findings supportmethodological weaknesses. Current findings support methodological weaknesses. Current findings support methodological weaknesses. Current findings supportmethodological weaknesses. Current findings supportmethodological weaknesses. Current findings supportmethodological weaknesses. Current findings support methodological weaknesses. Current findings supportmethodological weaknesses. Current findings supportmethodological weaknesses. Current findings supportmethodological weaknesses. Current findings supportmethodological weaknesses. Current findings support methodological weaknesses. Current findings supportmethodological weaknesses. Current findings support methodological weaknesses. Current findings support methodological weaknesses. Current findings support methodological weaknesses. Current findings support methodological weaknesses. Current findings support methodological weaknesses. Current findings supportmethodological weaknesses. Current findings support methodological weaknesses. Current findings supportmethodological weaknesses. Current findings supportmethodological weaknesses. Current findings supportmethodological weaknesses. Current findings support methodological weaknesses. Current findings support the need to the need to the need tothe need tothe need to develop develop develop develop develop develop preventive interventions preventive interventionspreventive interventionspreventive interventions preventive interventionspreventive interventionspreventive interventionspreventive interventionspreventive interventions preventive interventionspreventive interventionspreventive interventions following one model of indicated prevention, and following one model of indicated prevention, and following one model of indicated prevention, and following one model of indicated prevention, and following one model of indicated prevention, and following one model of indicated prevention, and following one model of indicated prevention, and following one model of indicated prevention, and following one model of indicated prevention, and following one model of indicated prevention, and following one model of indicated prevention, and following one model of indicated prevention, and following one model of indicated prevention, and following one model of indicated prevention, and following one model of indicated prevention, and following one model of indicated prevention, and following one model of indicated prevention, and following one model of indicated prevention, and following one model of indicated prevention, and following one model of indicated prevention, and following one model of indicated prevention, and following one model of indicated prevention, and following one model of indicated prevention, and assessing their eff assessing their effassessing their effassessing their effassessing their effassessing their effassessing their eff assessing their effassessing their eff assessing their eff assessing their effassessing their eff icacyicacyicacy icacy through randomized controlled tria through randomized controlled tria through randomized controlled tria through randomized controlled triathrough randomized controlled triathrough randomized controlled tria through randomized controlled triathrough randomized controlled tria through randomized controlled tria through randomized controlled triathrough randomized controlled triathrough randomized controlled triathrough randomized controlled triathrough randomized controlled tria through randomized controlled trials with adequate ls with adequate ls with adequate ls with adequate ls with adequate ls with adequate ls with adequate ls with adequate methodological quality.methodological quality.methodological quality. methodological quality.methodological quality. methodological quality. methodological quality. methodological quality. methodological quality.methodological quality. methodological
En este trabajo se revisó la investigación acerca de la eficacia de las intervenciones psicológicas y psicoeducativas de prevención de la depre-sión en sujetos con síntomas depresivos, pero que no reunían los criterios para un episodio depresivo mayor actual (prevención indicada). Se seleccio-naron 42 ensayos que evaluaron 36 programas de prevención encontrados en las bases de datos Medline, PsycINFO, ERIC, EMBASE, y en el registro de ensayos del Grupo Cochrane de Depresión, Ansiedad y Neurosis, en es-pañol e inglés, entre los años 1990 y 2013. La mayoría de los programas de prevención indicada analizados obtuvieron resultados positivos en la reduc-ción de la sintomatología depresiva. Sin embargo, en general obtuvieron tamaños del efecto pequeños, y muchos de ellos no tuvieron efectos sobre la incidencia de depresión. Además, muchos de estos trabajos presentaban limitaciones metodológicas. Los datos señalados apoyan la necesidad de desarrollar intervenciones preventivas que sigan un modelo de prevención indicada, y que comprueben su eficacia a través de ensayos controlados aleatorios con las garantías metodológicas adecuadas
