Noves perspectives en el diagnòstic del deteriorament cognitiu lleu i la malaltia de l'Alzheimer

• Judit Subirana Mirete ^[1]
  1. [1] Universitat Ramon Llull

     Universitat Ramon Llull

     Barcelona, España

     
• Localización: Aloma: revista de psicologia, ciències de l'educació i de l'esport, ISSN 1138-3194, Vol. 30, Nº 1, 2012, págs. 97-107
• Idioma: catalán
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo
• Resumen
  • English

    The criteria for the diagnosis of Alzheimer�s disease were established in 1984 by the National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke (NINCDS) and the Alzheimer�s Disease and Related Disorders Association (ADRDA). Having been applied until the present, these criteria have become obsolete and, therefore, from different fields there is a claim for their thorough revision. Three groups of experts with renowned specialists from the National Institute on Aging (NIA) and the Alzheimer�s Association propose a set of recommendations to modify these criteria in the field of research. Two remarkable differences are included in these new criteria: the introduction of biomarkers and the formalization of the different stages in Alzheimer�s disease. In this sense, mild cognitive impairment is incorporated to the diagnostic process as another stage in the disease. However, these criteria are under revision and, at the moment, they are only applicable in the field of research in order to achieve final agreement that should allow us to definitively modify the universal clinical criteria of application. In this article, we present the main advances in research on Alzheimer�s disease and mild cognitive impairment in order to update our diagnostic knowledge.

  • català

    Els criteris per al diagnòstic clínic de la malaltia d�Alzheimer es van establir el 1984 pel National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke (NINCDS) i l�Alzheimer�s Disease and Related Disorders Association (ADRDA). D�aplicació continuada fins a l�actualitat, aquests criteris estan quedant obsolets i, per tant, des de diversos àmbits s�ha advocat per una revisió profunda d�aquests. Tres grups d�experts formats per reconeguts especialistes del National Institute on Aging (NIA) i l�Alzheimer�s Association proposen un conjunt de recomanacions per modificar aquests criteris en l�àmbit de la investigació clínica. Dues diferències remarcables s�inclouen en aquests nous criteris: la incorporació de biomarcadors i la formalització de diferents estadis de la malaltia d�Alzheimer. D�aquesta manera, el deteriorament cognitiu lleu s�incorpora al procés diagnòstic com un estadi més de la patologia. Tanmateix, aquests criteris es troben en revisió i, de moment sols són aplicables en l�àmbit de recerca per tal d�arribar a un consens definitiu que permeti la modificació definitiva dels criteris clínics universals a aplicar. En aquest article es presenten els principals avenços en la investigació referents a la malaltia d�Alzheimer i al deteriorament cognitiu lleu per tal d�actualitzar-ne els coneixements diagnòstics.

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