Eating habits, physical activity, consumption of substances and eating disorders in adolescents

• Yolanda Quiles Marcos ^[1] ; Isabel Balaguer Solá ^[2] ; Lidia Pamies Aubalat ^[1] ; María José Quiles Sebastián ^[1] ; Juan Carlos Marzo Campos ^[1] ; Jesús Rodríguez Marín ^[1]
  1. [1] Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche

     Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche

     Elche, España

     
  2. [2] Universitat de València

     Universitat de València

     Valencia, España

     
• Localización: The Spanish Journal of Psychology, ISSN 1138-7416, Vol. 14, Nº. 2, 2011, págs. 712-723
• Idioma: inglés
• DOI: 10.5209/rev_sjop.2011.v14.n2.19
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo
• Dialnet Métricas: 7 Citas
• Resumen
  • español

    El objetivo de este trabajo fue estudiar las diferencias entre los adolescentes con mayor y menor riesgo de desarrollar un trastorno de la conducta alimentaria (TCA) en diferentes conductas relacionadas con la salud (hábitos alimentarios, actividad física y consumo de sustancias) por género. Se administró el EAT-40 y el Inventario de Conductas de Salud en Escolares a 2142 adolescentes estudiantes de secundaria de la provincia de Alicante (España), de los que el 52.8% fueron chicas y 47.2% chicos, con una edad media de 13.92 años (Dt = 1.34). Los resultaros indicaron que las chicas con mayor riesgo de desarrollar un TCA realizaban menos comidas, realizaban más dietas y prestaban más atención a los componentes de la alimentación. Además, también realizaban más actividad física con el objetivo de perder peso, y consumían más tabaco, alcohol y medicamentos. Los chicos con mayor riesgo de desarrollar un TCA realizaban más dietas y prestaban más atención a los diferentes componentes de la alimentación. No se encontraron más diferencias en el caso de los chicos. Estos resultados sugieren que cualquier programa dirigido a la prevención de los TCA debe incluir, no sólo educación nutricional, sino también la promoción de la práctica regular de actividad física, con objetivos distintos a la pérdida de peso y a quemar calorías.

  • English

    The aim of this study was to evaluate the differences between adolescents with a high or low risk of developing an eating disorder (ED) in different health behaviors (eating habits, physical activity and the consumption of substances) per gender. The EAT-40 and the Inventory of Behavioral Health in Scholars were applied to 2142 middle school students from Alicante (Spain), of whom 52.8% were girls and 47.2% were boys, with an average age of 13.92 years old (Sd = 1.34). Results indicated that girls with a high risk of developing an ED consumed fewer meals, ate fewer unhealthy foods, followed more diets and paid more attention to nutritional components. Furthermore, they also performed more physical activity with the objective of losing weight, and consumed more tobacco, alcohol and medicines. Boys at high risk of developing an ED followed more diets and paid more attention to nutritional components. For boys, no more differences were found. These results suggest that any program directed at the prevention of ED should not only include nutritional education, but should also seek to promote regular physical activity with objectives other than weight loss or the burning of calories.

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