Effects of a play program on creative thinking of preschool children

• Maite Garaigordobil Landazabal ^[1] ; Laura Berrueco ^[1]
  1. [1] Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea

     Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea

     Leioa, España

     
• Localización: The Spanish Journal of Psychology, ISSN 1138-7416, Vol. 14, Nº. 2, 2011, págs. 608-618
• Idioma: inglés
• DOI: 10.5209/rev_sjop.2011.v14.n2.9
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo
• Dialnet Métricas: 9 Citas
• Resumen
  • español

    El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar los efectos de un programa de juego en la creatividad infantil. Se utilizó un diseño experimental de medidas repetidas pretest-postest con grupos de control. La muestra se configuró con 86 participantes de 5 a 6 años (53 experimentales y 33 control). Antes y después de la intervención se aplicaron 2 instrumentos de evaluación: El Test de Pensamiento Creativo de Torrance (Torrance, 1990) y La Escala de Conductas y Rasgos de Personalidad Creadora (Garaigordobil & Berrueco, 2007). El programa consistió en una sesión de juego semanal de 75 minutos de duración durante un curso escolar. Los resultados del ANOVA mostraron que el programa incrementó significativamente la creatividad verbal (fluidez, flexibilidad, originalidad), la creatividad gráfica (elaboración, fluidez, originalidad), así como las conductas y rasgos de personalidad creadora. En la fase pretest no había diferencias en la creatividad de niños y niñas, y el programa estimuló un nivel de cambio similar en ambos sexos. La discusión se centra en la importancia de implementar programas de creatividad con niños de edad preescolar.

  • English

    The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of a play program in the creative thinking of preschool children. The study used a repeated measures experimental pretest-posttest design with control groups. The sample included 86 participants aged 5 to 6 years (53 experimental and 33 control participants). Before and after administering the program, two evaluation instruments were applied: The Torrance Test of Creative Thinking (Torrance, 1990) and Behaviors and Traits of Creative Personality Scale (Garaigordobil & Berrueco, 2007). The program consisted of a weekly 75-minute play session throughout the school year. ANOVA results showed that the program significantly increased the verbal creativity (fluency, flexibility, originality), graphic creativity (elaboration, fluency, originality), and behaviors and traits of creative personality. In the pretest phase, there were no differences in the creativity of boys and girls, and the program stimulated a similar level of change in both sexes. The discussion focuses on the importance of implementing creative programs with preschool children.

• Referencias bibliográficas
  • Antonietti, A. (2000). Enhancing creative analogies in primary school children. North American Journal of Psychology, 2, 75-84.
  • Baer, J. (1996). The effects of task-specific divergent-thinking training. Journal of Creative Behavior, 30, 183-187.
  • Baggerly, J. N. (1999). Adjustment of kindergarten children through play sessions facilitated by fifth grade students trained in child-centered...
  • Baloche, L. (1994). Creativity and cooperation in the elementary music classroom. Journal of Creative Behavior, 28, 255-265.
  • Cerioli, L., & Antonnietti, A. (1993). Lo sviluppo del pensiero creativo. Training dei bambini e formazione degli insegnanti [The enhancement...
  • Cheung, P. Ch., Lau, S., Chan, D. W., & Wu, W. Y. H. (2004). Creative potential of school children in Hong Kong: Norms of the Wallach-Kogan...
  • Chien, C, & Hui, A. (2010) Creativity in early childhood education: Teachers' perceptions in three Chinese societies. Thinking Skills...
  • Craft, A., Cremin, T., Bumard, P., & Chappell, K. (2007). Teacher stance in creative learning: A study of progression. Thinking Skills...
  • Csikszentmihaldy, M. (1996). Creativity: Flow and the psychology of discovery and invention. New York, NY: Harper Collins Publishers.
  • Dansky, J. L. (1980a). Make-believe: A mediation of the relationship between play and associative fluency. Child Development, 51, 576-579....
  • Dansky, J. L. (1980b). Cognitive consequences of sociodramatic play and exploration training for economically disadvantaged preschoolers....
  • Eteläpelto, A., & Lahti, J. (2008). The resources and obstacles of creative collaboration in a long-term learning community. Thinking...
  • Flaherty, M. A. (1992). The effects of a holistic creativity program on the self-concept and creativity of third graders. Journal of Creative...
  • Fleith, D. S., Renzulli, J. S., & Westberg, K. L. (2002). Effects of a creativity training program on divergent thinking abilities and...
  • Garaigordobil, M. (2003a). Intervenciàn psicológica para desarrollar la personalidad infantil: Juego, conducta prosocial y creatividad [Psychological...
  • Garaigordobil, M. (2003b). Programa Juego 8-10 años. Juegos cooperativos y creativos para grupos de nifios de 8 a 10 años [Program Play 8-10...
  • Garaigordobil, M. (2004). Programa Juego 10-12 años. Juegos cooperativos y creativos para grupos de niños de 10 a 12 años [Program Play 10-12...
  • Garaigordobil, M. (2005). Programa Juego 6-8 años. Juegos cooperativos y creativos para grupos de niños de 6 a 8 años [Program Play 6-8 years....
  • Garaigordobil, M. (2006a). Intervention in creativity with children aged 10-11 years: Impact of a play programme in verbal and graphic-figural...
  • Garaigordobil, M. (2006b). EPC. Escala de Personalidad Creadora: Evaluación de conductas y rasgos de la personalidad creativa infantil [EPC....
  • Garaigordobil, M. (2007). Programa Juego 4-6 años. Juegos cooperativos y creativos para grupos de niños de 4-6 años [Program Play 4-6 years....
  • Garaigordobil, M., & Berrueco, L. (2007). EPC. Escala de conductas y rasgos de personalidad creadora [EPC. Scale of behaviors and traits...
  • Gupta, A. (2009). Vygotskian perspectives on using dramatic play to enhance children's development and balance creativity with structure...
  • Hennessey, B. A., & Amabile, T. M. (2010). Creativity. Annual Review of Psychology, 61, 569-598. doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.093008.100416
  • Howard-Jones, P. A. (2008). Fostering creative thinking: co-constructed insights from neuroscience and education. Bristol, UK: University...
  • Howard-Jones, P. A., Taylor, J., & Sutton, L. (2002). The effects of play on the creativity of young children. Early Child Development...
  • Kalmar, M., & Kalmar, Z. (1987). Creativity training with preschool children living in children's home. Studia-Psychologica, 29, 59-66.
  • Katiyar, P. G, & Jarial, G S. (1983). The role of sex in the enhancement of creativity among adolescents through a process-oriented training...
  • Komarik, E., & Brutenicova, E. (2003). Effect of creativity training on preschool children. Studio Psychologica, 45, 37-42. (Pubitemid...
  • Liikanen, P. (1975). Increasing creativity through art education among preschool children. Jyväskylä, Finland: University of Jyväskylä.
  • Ma, H. H. (2006). A synthetic analysis of the effectiveness of single components and packages in creativity training programs. Creativity...
  • Mellou, E. (1995). Review of the relationship between dramatic play and creativity in young children. Early Child Development and Care, 112,...
  • Park, A. (2007). Relationship between creative attitudes and locus of control among fifth-grade children. Dissertation Abstracts International:...
  • Parker, J. P. (1998). The Torrance Creative Scholars Program. Roeper Review, 21, 32-35. doi:10.1080/02783199809553923
  • Pramling Samuelsson, I., & Asplund Carlsson, M. (2008). The playing learning child: Towards a pedagogy of early childhood. Scandinavian...
  • Prieto, M. D., López, O., Bermejo, M. R., Renzulli, J., & Castejón, J. L. (2002). Evaluación de un programa de desarrollo de la creatividad...
  • Russ, S. W. (1998). Play, creativity and adaptive functioning: Implications for play interventions. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology,...
  • Russ, S. W. (2003a). Creativity research: Whither thou goest⋯ Creativity Research Journal, 15, 143-145. doi:10.1207/S15326934CRJ152&3-05...
  • Russ, S. W. (2003b). Play and creativity: Developmental issues. Scandinavian Journal of Educational Research, 47, 291-303. doi:10.1080/ 00313830308594...
  • Russ, S. W., & Kaugars, A. S. (2001). Emotions in children's play and creative problem solving. Creativity Research Journal, 13, 211-219....
  • Russ, S.W., Robins, A. L., & Christiano, B. A. (1999). Pretend play: Longitudinal prediction of creativity and affect in fantasy in children,...
  • Saxon, J. A., Treffinger, D. J., Young, G C, & Wittig, C. V. (2003). Camp Invention(R): A creative, inquiry-based summer enrichment program...
  • Shi, J., Xu, F., Zhou, L., & Zha, Z. (1999). Gender differences from the results of a cross-cultural study on technical creativity of...
  • Strom, R. D., & Strom, P. S. (2002). Changing the rules: Education for creative thinking. Journal of Creative Behavior, 36, 183-200. (Pubitemid...
  • Tettamanzi, M., Sarotti, R., & Frontino, S. (2009). The talent factory: Creative expression workshops to develop divergent thinking. Psicologia...
  • Torrance, E. P. (1972a). Career patterns and peak creative experiences of creative high school students 12 years later. Gifted Child Quarterly,...
  • Torrance, E. P. (1972b). Predictive validity of the Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking. Journal of Creative Behavior, 6, 236-252.
  • Torrance, E. P. (1981). Predicting the creativity of elementary school children (1958-1980) - and the teacher who made a "difference"....
  • Torrance, E. P. (1990). The Torrance Test of Creative Thinking. Bensenville, IL: Scholastic Testing Service.
  • Vygotsky, L. S. (1967). Play and its role in the mental development of the child. Soviet Psychology, 5, 6-18.
  • Zachopoulou, E., Trevlas, E., & Konstadinidou, E. (2006). The design and implementation of a physical education program to promote children's...
  • Zachopoulou, E., & Makri, A. (2005). A developmental perspective of divergent movement ability in early young children. Early Child Development...