Experiencias extracorpóreas en relación a la propensión a alucinar, esquizotipia y disociación en estudiantes argentinos y peruanos.

• Autores: Alejandro Parra, Luis S. Espinoza Paul
• Localización: Límite: revista de filosofía y psicología, ISSN-e 0718-5065, ISSN 0718-1361, Nº. 20, 2009, págs. 95-121
• Idioma: español
• Títulos paralelos:
  • EXTRACORPOREAL EXPERIENCES RELATING TO THE PROPENSITY TO HALLUCINATE, SCHIZOTYPY AND DISSOCIATION IN ARGENTINIAN AND PERUVIAN STUDENTS
• Enlaces
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• Dialnet Métricas: 1 Cita
• Resumen
  • español

    La experiencia fuera del cuerpo (EFC) se define como una experiencia mediante la cual el �yo� o centro de conciencia parece ocupar una posición remota respecto a su propio cuerpo.

    La experiencia parece estar ampliamente distribuida en la población en general. De hecho, algunos estudios han demostrado una relación cercana entre la incidencia de EFC y sus correlatos psicológicos. Se ha sugerido un número de características de personalidad que podrían estar asociadas a la EFC, por ejemplo, habilidad para fantasear e imaginar, propensidad a la esquizotipia, la absorción y las tendencias disociativas. Se ponen a prueba tres hipótesis específicas: que estudiantes que indican haber tenido EFC tienen tendencia a (1) la alucinación visual y táctil, (2) esquizotipia cognitivo-perceptual, desorganizada e interpersonal y (3) disociación, absorción y propensidad a la fantasía, en comparación con un grupo sin EFC. Un total de 648 estudiantes de psicología argentinos (78% mujeres y 24% varones) y 214 estudiantes de psicología peruanos (74% mujeres y 26% varones), completaron un número de mediciones psicológicas para comparar las medias entre ambos grupos (con y sin EFC). Los resultados mostraron mayor nivel de esquizotipia cognitivo-perceptual, absorción psicológica, disociación, propensidad a la fantasía y a la alucinación, imaginería visual en individuos que tienen EFC en comparación con los que no la tienen en ambas muestras, lo cual sugiere el modelo disociacional de la EFC. Aunque el término alucinación tiene un contenido peyorativo, no obstante la incidencia de tales experiencias en la población normal incluye a individuos que han señalado los efectos benéficos de las EFC como un modo adaptativo.

  • English

    An out-of-body experience or OBE is one in which the �self� or center of awareness seems to the person who experiences it to occupy temporarily a position that is spatially remote from his or her body. The experience seems to be quite widespread in the general population. Some studies show a close relation relationship between the incidence of OBEs and its psychological correlates, especially personality variables, absorption, and dissociative experiences.

    Six specific hypotheses are tested: Students who report out-of-body experiences have a higher capacity for (1) Visual and Tactile hallucination, (2) Cognitive-perceptual, Disorganized and Interpersonal schizotypy, (3) Dissociation, Absorption, Fantasy proneness, than students that do not report such experiences.

    A total of 648 undergraduate students population (Argentine sample) and 214 undergraduate students population (Peruvian sample), completed a number of scales. Data for subjects who experienced OBE were compared with data for those who did not. The results showed higher levels of cognitive-perceptual schizotypy, absorption, dissociation, fantasy and hallucination proneness, and visual imagery in OBErs than in non-OBErs which confirms previous studies. This study suggests the dissociational model of OBE, although the term hallucination has pejorative overtones in spite of the widespread occurrence of anomalous perceptual experiences in the normal population. Some subjects report beneficial effects from OBEs in an adaptive way.

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