Una revisión de las principales tareas para evaluar el deterioro semántico en la enfermedad de Alzheimer

• Autores: Francisco Javier Moreno Martínez
• Localización: Acción psicológica, ISSN 1578-908X, Vol. 4, Nº. 1, 2006, págs. 57-68
• Idioma: español
• DOI: 10.5944/ap.4.1.493
• Títulos paralelos:
  • A review of the main tasks used to assess the semantic impairment in Alzheimer's disease
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo
• Dialnet Métricas: 2 Citas
• Resumen
  • español

    El deterioro de la memoria semántica (MS) es uno de los marcadores de la enfermedad de Alzheimer (EA). Este sistema de memoria tiene que ver con el conocimiento de las palabras, de los conceptos y del mundo. El hecho de que la EA afecte de forma tan significativa a la MS es un «experimento desagradable de la naturaleza », que puede permitirnos elaborar un modelo para explicar la organización de la MS. En este trabajo se realiza una revisión de las principales tareas utilizadas para evaluar este sistema de memoria y de los resultados obtenidos al examinar a los pacientes de Alzheimer. El trabajo se centra en los efectos de categoría, que consisten en un deterioro parcial o total del conocimiento de un dominio del conocimiento, por ejemplo, el de los seres vivos o seres animados, pero no el de los seres no vivos o artefactos -o viceversa-. Este fenómeno posee importantes implicaciones teórico-prácticas para el estudio de la organización semántica.

  • English

    Semantic memory (SM) impairment is one of the main symptoms of Alzheimer�s disease (AD). SM is concerned with the representation of words, concepts and word knowledge. AD is an unpleasant experiment of «nature» that could help us to elaborate models to explain semantic memory organization. In this paper, we review the main tasks used to assess the SM system, and the results of the evaluation of AD patients. We also present data about categoryspecific effects, which consist on a total or partial impairment of a domain, for example, living beings (or animate) domain, but not of the other one, for example, artifacts domain -or vice versa-. These effects have important implications in the study of the semantic organization.

• Referencias bibliográficas
  • Allport, D.A. (1985). Distributed memory, modular subsystems and dysphasia. En: S.K. Newman, R. Epstein (Ed.). Current perspectives in dysphasia....
  • Aronoff, J.M. Gonnerman, L.M., Almor, A., Arunachalam, S., Kempler, D. y Andersen, E.S. (2006). Information content versus relational knowledge:...
  • Barbarotto, R., Laiacona, M., Macchi, V y Capitani, E. (2002). Picture reality decision, semantic categories and gender. A new set of pictures,...
  • Bonilla, J.L. y Jonson, M. (1995). Semantic space in Alzheimer’s disease patients. Neuropsychology, 9, 345-353.
  • Borgo, F. y Shallice, T. (2001). When living things and other «sensory quality» categories behave in the same fashion: A novel category specificity...
  • Bozeat, S., Lambon Ralph, M.A., Graham, K.S., Patterson, K., Wilkin, H., Rowland, J., Rogers, T.T., y Hodges, J.R. (2003). A duck with four...
  • Bright, P., Moss, H. y Tyler, L.K. (en prensa). Commentary on Keith R. Laws: «illusions of normality»: a methodological critique of category-specific...
  • Bunn, E.M., Tyler, L.K. y Moss H.E. (1998). Categoryspecific semantic deficit: The role of familiarity and property type reexamined. Neuropsychology,...
  • Butters, N., Granholm, E.L., Salmon, D.P., Grant, I. y Wolfe, J. (1987). Episodic and semantic memory: A comparison of amnesic and demented...
  • Capitani, E., Laiacona, M., Mahon, B., and Caramazza, A. (2003). What are the facts of semantic category-specific deficits?: a critical review...
  • Caramazza, A. y Shelton, J.R. (1998). Domain-specific knowledge systems in the brain: the animate-inanimate distinction. Journal of Cognitive...
  • Carbonnel, S., Charballet, A., David, D. y Pellat, J. (1997). One or several semantic system(s)? Maybe none: Evidence from a case study of...
  • Chan, A.S., Butters, N., Paulsen, J.S., Salmon, D.P., Swenson, M. y Maloney, L. (1993). An assessment of the semantic network in patients...
  • Chan, A.S., Butters, N. y Salmon, D.P. (1997). The deterioration of semantic networks in patients with Alzheimer’s disease: A cross-sectional...
  • Chan, A.S., Butters, N., Salmon, D.P., Johnson, S., Paulsen, J.S. y Swenson, M. (1995). Comparison of the semantic networks in patients with...
  • Chertkow, H y Bub, D. (1990). Semantic memory loss in Alzheimer’s -type dementia. En M.F. Schwartz (Ed.), Modular deficits in Alzheimer-type...
  • Collins, A.M. y Quillian, M.R. (1969). Retrieval time from semantic memory. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior, 8, 240-248.
  • Daum, I., Riesch, G., Sartori, G. y Birbaumer, N. (1996). Semantic memory impairment in Alzheimer’s disease. Journal of Clinical and Experimental...
  • De Renzi, E. y Lucchelli, F. (1994). Are semantic systems separately represented in the brain? The case of living category impairment. Cortex,...
  • Durrant-Peatfield, M.R., Tyler, L.K., Moss, H.E. y Levy, J.P. (1997). The distinctiveness of form and function in category structure: A connectionist...
  • Forde, E.M.E., Francis, S., Riddoch, M.J., Rumiati, R.I. y Humphreys, G.W. (1997). On the links bet- ween visual knowledge and naming: a single...
  • Funnell, E. y Sheridan, J. (1992). Categories of knowledge: unfamiliar aspects of living and nonliving things. Cognitive Neuropsychology,...
  • Gaffan, D. y Heywood, C.A. (1993). A spurious category-specific visual agnosia for living things in normal human and nonhuman primates. Journal...
  • Garrard, P., Perry, R. y Hodges, J.R. (1997). Disorders of semantic memory. Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry, 62, 431-435.
  • Gonnerman, L.M., Andersen, E.S., Devlin, J.T., Kempler, D. y Seidenberg, M.S. (1997). Double dissociation of semantic categories in Alzheimer’s...
  • Hodges, J.R., Graham, N. y Patterson, K.A. (1995). Charting the progression in semantic dementia: Implications for the organization of semantic...
  • Hodges, J.R., Salmon, D.P. y Butters, N. (1991). The nature of naming deficit in Alzheimer’s and Huntington’s disease. Brain, 114, 1547-1558.
  • Hodges, J., Salmon, D.P. y Butters, N. (1992). Semantic memory impairment in Alzheimer’s disease: Failure of access or degraded knowledge?...
  • Kaplan, E., Googlass, H. y Weintraub, S. (1983). Boston Naming Test (2nd edit.) Philadelphia: Lea & Febiger.
  • Kolinsky, R., Ferry, P., Messina, D., Peretz, I, Evinck, S., Ventura, P. y Morais, J. (2002). The fur of the crocodile and the mooing sheep:...
  • Laiacona, M., Barbarotto, R., Trivelli, C. y Capitani, E. (1993a). Disossociazioni semantiche interca- tegoriali: descrizione di una batteria...
  • Laiacona, M., Barbarotto, R., Trivelli, C. y Capitani, E. (1993b). Perceptual and associative knowledge in category-specific impairment of...
  • Lambon Ralph, M.A., Howard, D., Nightingale, G. y Ellis, A.W. (1998). Are living and non-living category-specific deficits causally linked...
  • Lambon Ralph, M.A., Patterson, K. y Hodges, J.R. (1997). The relationship between naming and semantic knowledge for different categories in...
  • Laws, K.R. (2005). «Illusions of normality»: A methodological critique of category-specific naming. Cortex, 41, 842-851.
  • Mattis, S. (1988). Dementia Rating Scale. Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources.
  • Monsch, A.U., Bondi, M.W., Butters, N., Paulsen, J.S., Salmon, D.P., Brugger, P y Sewenson, M.R. (1994). A comparison of category and letter...
  • Montanes, P., Goldblum, M.C. y Boller, F. (1995). The naming impairment of living and nonliving items in Alzheimer’s disease. Journal of the...
  • Montanes, P., Goldblum, M.C. y Boller, F. (1996). Classification deficits in Alzheimer’s disease with special reference to living and nonliving...
  • Moreno, F. J. (2005). Un estudio sobre las disociaciones categoriales vivo-no vivo en la enfermedad de Alzheimer. (Tesis Doctoral, U.N.E.D.,...
  • Moreno, F. J., y Cañamón, S. (2005). Presentación y resultados preliminares de la Batería Nombela (I): Un nuevo instrumento para evaluar el...
  • Ober, B.A. y Shenaut, G.K. (1999). Well-organized conceptual domains in Alzheimer’s disease. Journal of the International Neuropsychological...
  • Patterson, K. (2005). Neurociencia cognitiva de la memoria semántica. Revista Argentina de Neuropsicología 5, 25-36.
  • Peraita, H, González-Labra, M.J., Sánchez Bernardos, M.L. y Galeote, M. (2000). Batería de evaluación de la memoria semántica en Alzheimer....
  • Rich, J.B., Park, N.W., Dopkins, S. y Brandt, J. (2002). What do Alzheimer’s disease patients know about animals? It depends on task structure...
  • Salmon, D.P., Heindel, W.C. y Lange, K.L. (1999). Dif- ferential decline in word generation from phone- mic and semantic categories during...
  • Samson D., Pillon, A. y De Wilde V. (1998). Impaired Knowledge of Visual and Non-Visual Attributes in a Patient with a Semantic Impairment...
  • Sartori, G. y Job, R. (1988). The Oyster with Four Legs: A Neuropsychological Study on the Interaction of Visual and Semantic Information....
  • Sartori, G., Job, R. y Zago, S. (2002). A case of domain-specific semantic deficit. En E. M. E. Forde y Humphreys (Eds.), Category-specificity...
  • Snodgrass, J.G. y Vanderwart, M. (1980). A Standardized Set of 260 Pictures: Norms for Name Agreement, Image Agreement, Familiarity, and Visual...
  • Testa, J.A., Tröster, A.I., Fields, J.A., Gleason, A.C., Salmon, D.P. y Beatty, W.W. (1998). Semantic fluency performance of patients with...
  • Tröster, A.I., Fields, J.A., Testa, J.A., Paul, R.H., Blanco, C.R., Hames, K.A., Salmon, D.P. y Beatty, W.W. (1998). Cortical and subcortical...
  • Tulving, E. (1972). Episodic and Semantic Memory. En E. Tulving y W. Donaldson (Eds.), The organization of Memory (pp. 381-403). New York:...
  • Warrington, E.K. y McCarthy, R.A. (1987). Categories of Knowledge: Further Fractionations and an Attempted Integration. Brain, 110, 1273-1296.
  • Warrington, E.K. y Shallice, T. (1984). Category Specific Semantic Impairments. Brain, 107, 829- 854.