Mecanismos cerebrales de la reorientación atencional involuntaria: potencial de disparidad (mmn), n1 y p3a

• Autores: Carles E. Escera Micó
• Localización: Psicothema, ISSN-e 1886-144X, ISSN 0214-9915, Vol. 9, Nº. 3, 1997, págs. 555-568
• Idioma: español
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo (pdf)
• Resumen

  • Se presenta un modelo neurocognitivo que propone dos mecanismos cerebrales para la captura involuntaria de la atención dirigida, basado en datos de Potenciales Evocados (PEs). El modelo sostiene que los estímulos que destacan repentinamente en el entorno acústico activan un mecanismo detector de transiciones asociado al componente supratemporal de N1, que dispara una "llamada" a la atención dirigida. Cambios acústicos sutiles activan un segundo mecanismo que dispara una señal de disparidad (Potencial de Disparidad: Mismatch Negativity, MMN) como resultado de la comparación no coincidente del estímulo cambiante con una huella del entorno acústico desarrollada en la memoria ecoica. El modelo propone, finalmente, que la reorientación consumada de la atención dirigida se manifiesta electrofiológicamente en el componente P3a de los PEs.

• Referencias bibliográficas
  • Alho, K. (1995). Cerebral generators of mismatch negativity (MMN) and its magnetic counterpart (MMNn) elicited by sound changes. Ear and Hearing,...
  • Alho, K., Woods, D.L., Algazi, A., Knight, R.T. y Näätänen, R. (1994). Lesions of frontal cortex diminish the auditory mismatch negativity....
  • Alho, K., Woods, D.L., Algazi, A. y Näätänen, R. (1992). Intermodal selective attention: II. Effects of attentional load on processing of...
  • Butler, R.A. (1972). The auditory evoked response to stimuli producing periodicity pitch. Psychophysiology, 9, 233-237.
  • Cherry, E.C. (1953). Some experiments on the recognition of speech with one and with two ears. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America,...
  • Courchesne, E. (1978). Changes in P3 waves with event repetition: Long-term effects on scalp distribution and amplitudes. Electroencephalography...
  • Courchesne, E., Hillyard, S.A. y Galambos, R. (1975). Stimulus novelty task relevance and the visual evoked potentials in man. Electroencephalography...
  • Csépe, V., Karmos, G. y Molnár, M. (1987). Evoked potential correlates of stimulus deviance during wakefulness and sleep in cat -animal model...
  • Davis, H., Mast, T., Yoshie, N. y Zerlin, S. (1966). The slow response of the human cortex to auditory stimulus: Recovery process. Electroencephalography...
  • Davis, H. y Zerlin, S. (1966). Acoustic relations of the human vertex potentials. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 39, 109-116.
  • Dawson, M.E. (1990). Psychophysiology at the interface of clinical science, cognitive science, and neuroscience. Psychophysiology, 27, 243-255.
  • Dawson, M.E., Fillion, D.L. y Schell, A.M. (1989). Is elicitation of the autonomic orienting response associated with allocation of processing...
  • Donchin, E., Ritter, W. y McCallum, W.C. (1978). Cognitive psychophysiology: the endogenous components of the ERP. En E. Callaway, P. Tueting...
  • Duncan, C.C. y Kaye, W.H. (1987). Effects of chlonidine on event-related potential measures of information processing. En R. Johnson, J.W....
  • Escera, C. (1993). Attention and brain function, por R. Näätänen (1992). Anuario de Psicología, 58, 119-122.
  • Escera, C. (1996). El sistema atencional humano en audición: Estudio con potenciales evocados. Cognitiva, 8, 169-201.
  • Escera, C. (1997a). Nuevas aplicaciones clínicas de los potenciales evocados cerebrales: Mismatch Negativity. Medicina Clínica, 108, 701-708.
  • Escera, C. (1997b). Potencial de Disparidad (Mismatch Negativity): Características y aplicaciones. Anuario de Psicología, 71, 63-80.
  • Escera, C. y Alho, K. (1997). Attention capture and orientation elicited by sound change and novelty: Mismatch Negativity and supratemporal...
  • Escera, C., Alho, K., Winkler, I. y Näätänen, R. (1998). Neural mechanisms of involuntary attention switching to novelty and sound change...
  • Escera, C. y Grau, C. (1996). Short-term replica- bility of the mismatch negativity. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology,...
  • Filion, D.J., Dawson, M.E., Schell, A.M. y Hazlett, E.A. (1991). The relationship between skin conductance orienting and the allocation of...
  • Folk, C.L., Remington, R.W. y Jonhston, J.C. (1994). Involuntary covert orienting is contingent on attentional control settings. Journal of...
  • Ford, J.M., Roth, W.T. y Kopell, B.S. (1976). Auditory event-related potentials to unpredictable shifts in pitch. Psychophysiology, 13, 32-39.
  • Friedman, D. y Simpson, G. (1994). ERP amplitude and scalp distribution to target and novel events: effects of temporal order in young, middle-aged...
  • Friedman, D., Simpson, G. y Hamberger, M. (1993). Age-related changes in scalp topography to novel and target stimuli. Psychophysiology, 30,...
  • Fuster, J. (1989). The prefrontal cortex: anatomy, physiology, and neuropsychology of the frontal lobe. Nueva York: Raven.
  • Gati, I. y Ben-Shakhar, G. (1990). Novelty and significance in orientation and habituation: A feature-matching approach. Journal of Experimental...
  • Gazzaniga, M.S. (1989). Organization of the human brain. Science, 245, 947-952.
  • Giard. M.H., Lavikainen, J., Reinikainen, K., Perrin, F., Bertrand, O., Pernier, J. y Näätänen, R. (1995). Separate representation of stimulus...
  • Giard. M.H., Perrin, F., Pernier, J. y Bouchet, P. (1990). Brain generators implicated in processing of auditory stimulus deviance. A topographic...
  • Giard, M.H., Perrin, F., Echallier, J.F., Thévenet, M., Froment, J.C. y Pernier, J. (1994). Dissociation of temporal and frontal components...
  • Gómez, C., Escera, C., Cilveti, R., Polo, M.D., Díaz, R. y Portavella, M. (1992). Localización neuroeléctrica de procesos cognitivos. Anuario...
  • Grillon, C, Courchesne, E., Ameli, R., Geyer, M. y Braff, D.L. (1990). Increased distractibility in schizophrenic patients. Archives of General...
  • Hari, R., Hämäläinen, M., Ilmoniemi, R., Kaukoranta, E., Reinikainen, K., Salminen, J., Alho, K., Näätänen, R. y Sams, M. (1984). Responses...
  • Hari, R., Kaila, K., Katila, T., Tuomisto, T. y Varpula, T. (1982). Interstimulus interval dependence of the auditory vertex response and...
  • Heinze, H.J., Mangun, G.R., Burchert, W., Hinrichs, H., Scholz, M., Münte, T.F., Gös, A., Scherg, M., Johanes, S., Hundeshagen, H., Gazzaniga,...
  • Hikosaka, O., Miyauchi, S. y Shimojo, S. (1993). Voluntary and stimulus-induced attention detected as motion sensation. Perception, 22, 517-526.
  • Hillyard, S.A. y Picton, T.W. (1987). Electrophysiology of cognition. Handbook of Physiology, the nervous system, (pp. 519-584). Nueva York:...
  • Holdstock, J.S. y Rugg, M.D. (1995). The effect of attention on the P300 deflection elicited by novel sounds. Journal of Psychophysiology,...
  • Jääskeläinen, I., Alho, K., Escera, C., Winkler, I., Sillanaukee, P. y Näätänen, R. (1996). Effects of ethanol and auditory distraction on...
  • James, W. (1890). The principles of Psychology. Nueva York: Holt.
  • Javitt, D.C., Doneshka, P., Grochowski, S. y Ritter, W. (1995). Impaired mismatch negativity generation reflects widespread dysfunction in...
  • Javitt, D.C., Schroeder, C.E., Steinschneider, M., Arezzo, J.C., Ritter, W. y Vaughan, H.G. (1994). Cognitive event-related potentials in...
  • Javitt, D.C., Schroeder, C.E., Steinschneider, M., Arezzo, J.C. y Vaughan, H.G. (1992). Demostration of mismatch negativity in the monkey....
  • Kahneman, D. y Treisman, A.M. (1984). Changing views of attention and automaticity. En R. Parasuraman y D.R. Davis (Eds.), Varieties of Attention...
  • Kane, N.M., Curry, S.H., Butler, S.R. y Cummins, B.H. (1993). Electrophysiological indicator of awakening from coma. The Lancet, 341, 688.
  • Knight, R.T. (1984). Decreased response to novel stimuli after prefrontal lesions in man. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology,...
  • Knight, R.T. (1991). Evoked potential studies of attention capacity in human frontal lobe lesions. En H.S. Levin, H.M. Eisenberg y A.L. Benton...
  • Knight, R.T. (1996). Contribution of human hippocampal region to novelty detection. Nature, 383, 256-259.
  • Knight, R.T., Scabini, D., Woods, D.L. y Clayworth, C.C. (1989). Contributions of temporal-parietal junction to the human auditory P3. Brain...
  • Kropotov, J.D., Näätänen, R., Sevostianov, A.V., Alho, K., Reinikainen, K. y Kropotova, O.V. (1995). Mismatch negativity to auditory stimulus...
  • Lehtonen, J.B. (1973). Functional differentiation between late components of visual evoked potentials recorded at occiput and vertex: Effects...
  • Lyytinen, H., Blomberg, A.P. y Näätänen, R. (1992). Event-related potentials and autonomic responses to a change in unattended auditory stimuli....
  • McMillan, N.A. (1973). Detection and recognition of intesity changes in tone and noise: The detection-recognition disparity. Perception &...
  • Mecklinger, A. y Ullsperger, P. (1995). The P300 to novel and target events: a spatio-temporal dipole model analyses. NeuroReport, 7, 241-...
  • Mesulam, M.M. (1981). A cortical network for directed attention and unilateral neglect. Annals of Neurology, 10, 309-325.
  • Mesulam, M.M. (1990). Large-scale neurocognitive networks and distributed processing of attention, language, and memory. Annals of Neurology,...
  • Näätänen, R. (1990). The role of attention in auditory information processing as revealed by event-related potentials and other brain measures...
  • Näätänen, R. (1992). Attention and Brain Function. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
  • Näätänen, R., Ilmoniemi, R.J. y Alho, K. (1994). Magnetoencephalography in studies of human cognitive brain function. Trends in Neuroscience,...
  • Näätänen, R., Paavilainen, P., Alho, K., Reinikainen, K. y Sams, M. (1989a). Do event-related potentials reveal the mechanism of the auditory...
  • Näätänen, R., Paavilainen, P. y Reinikainen, K. (1989b). Do event-related potentials to infrequent decrements in duration of auditory stimuli...
  • Näätänen, R. y Picton, T. (1987). The N1 wave of the human electric and magnetic response to sound: a review and a analysis of the component...
  • Näätänen, R., Simpson, M. y Loveless, N.E. (1982). Stimulus deviance and evoked potentials. Biological Psychology, 14, 53-98.
  • Öhman, A. (1979). The orienting response, attention and learning: An informatio-processing perspective. En H.D. Kimmel, E.H. van Olst y J.F....
  • Öhman, A. (1992). Preattentive processing and orienting. En B.A. Campbell, H. Hayne y R. Richardson (Eds.), Attention and Information Processing...
  • Parasuraman, R. Richer, F. y Beatty, J. (1982). Detection and recognition: Concurrent processes in perception. Perception & Psychophysics,...
  • Pekkonen, E., Jousmäki, V., Könönen, M., Reinikainen, K. y Partanen, J. (1994). Auditory sensory memory impairment in Alzheimer’s disease:...
  • Perrin, F., Pernier, J., Bertrand, O. y Echallier, J.F. (1989). Spherical splines for scalp potential and current density mapping. Electroencephalography...
  • Pfefferbaum, A., Buchsbaum, M. y Gips, J. (1971). Enhancement of the average evoked response to onset and cessation. Psychophysiology, 8,...
  • Posner, M.I., Petersen, S.E., Fox, P.T. y Raichle, M.E. (1988). Localization of cognitive operations in the human brain. Science, 240, 1627-...
  • Regan, D. (1989). Human Brain Electrophysiology. Amsterdam, Holanda: Elsevier.
  • Ritter, W., Vaughan, H.G., Jr. y Costa, L.D. (1968). Orienting and habituation to auditory stimuli: A study of short term changes in average...
  • Sams, M., Paavilainen, P., Alho, K. y Näätänen, R. (1985). Auditory frequency discrimination and event-related potentials. Electroencephalography...
  • Scherg, M., Vajsar, J. y Picton, T.W. (1989). A source analysis of the late human auditory evoked potentials. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience,...
  • Scherg, M. y von Cramon, D. (1986). Evoked dipole source potentials of the human auditory cortex. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology,...
  • Schröger, E. (1996). A neural mechanism for involuntary attention shifts to changes in auditory stimulation. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience,...
  • Serra, J.M., Escera, C., Sánchez-Turet, M., Sánchez-Sastre, J. y Grau, C. (1996). The H1-receptor antagonist chlorpheniramine decreases the...
  • Sokolov, E.N. (1963). Perception and the Conditioned Reflex. Nueva York: Macmillan.
  • Squires, N.K., Squires, K.C. y Hillyard, S.A. (1975). Two varietes of long-latency positive waves evoked by impredictable auditory stimuli....
  • Theeuwes, J. (1994). Stimulus-driven capture and attentional set: Selective search for color and visual abrupt onsets. Journal of Experimental...
  • Tiitinen, H., May, P., Reinikainen, K. y Näätänen, R. (1994). Attentive novelty detection in humans is governed by pre-attentive sensory memory....
  • Vaughan, H.J., Jr. y Ritter, W. (1970). The sources of the auditory evoked responses recorded from the scalp. Electroencephalography and Clinical...
  • Velasco, M. y Velasco, F. (1986). Subcortical correlated of the somatic, auditory and visual vertex activities. II. Referential EEG responses....
  • Velasco, M., Velasco, F. y Olvera, A. (1985). Subcortical correlated of the somatic, auditory and visual vertex activities. I. Bipolar EEG...
  • Wikswo, J.P., Gevins, A. y Williamson, S.J. (1993). The future of the EEG and MEG. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 87,...
  • Woods, D.L. (1992). Auditory selective attention in middle-aged and elderly subjects: an eventrelated brain potential study. Electroencephalography...
  • Woodward, S.H., Brown, W.S., March, J.T. y Dawson, M.E. (1991). Probing the time-course of the auditory oddball P3 with secondary reaction...
  • Yamaguchi, S. y Knight, R.T. (1991). Anterior and posterior association cortex contributions to the somatosensory P300. The Journal of Neurosciences,...
  • Yamaguchi, S. y Knight, R.T. (1992). Effects of temporal-parietal lesions on the somatosensory P3 to lower limb stimulation. Electroencephalography...
  • Yantis, S. (1993). Stimulus-driven attentional capture and attentional control settings. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception...