Un marco teórico cognitivo para los trastornos de ansiedad

• Michael B. Eysenck ^[1] ; Nazarin Derakshan
  1. [1] Royal Holloway University of London

     Royal Holloway University of London

     Runnymede District, Reino Unido

     
• Localización: Ansiedad y estrés, ISSN 1134-7937, Vol. 3, Nº 2-3, 1997 (Ejemplar dedicado a: Técnicas de reducción de ansiedad), ISBN 84-922464-3-X, págs. 121-134
• Idioma: español
• Títulos paralelos:
  • A cognitive theoretical framework for the anxiety disorders
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• Dialnet Métricas: 8 Citas
• Resumen
  • español

    La teoría de los cuatro factores de ansiedad (Eysenck, 1997; Eysenck y Derakshan, enviado para publicación) plantea principalmente que la experiencia de la ansiedad depende de cuatro fuentes de información: (1) la estimulación ambiental, (2) la actividad fisiológica del individuo, (3) la conducta del individuo y (4) las cogniciones del individuo. La influencia de cada una de estas fuentes de información sobre la ansiedad experimentada es modificada por sesgos cognitivos, de los cuales el más importante es el sesgo interpretativo (esto es, la tendencia a interpretar la estimulación y eventos ambiguos de forma amenazante). Se asume que en cuatro de los principales trastornos de ansiedad (trastorno de pánico, fobia social, trastorno obsesivo-compulsivo y fobia específica) aparece un sesgo interpretativo relacionado con una de las cuatro fuentes de información preponderantemente, y que en la ansiedad generalizada se produce un sesgo interpretativo de las cuatro fuentes. Finalmente, se discuten las implicaciones terapéuticas de este enfoque

  • English

    The four-factor theory of anxiety (Eysenck, 1997; Eysenck & Derakshan, submitted) has at its centre the assumption that experienced anxiety depends on four sources of information: (1) environmental stimuli; (2) one's own physiological activity; (3) one's own behaviour; and (4) one's own cognitions. The influence of each source of information on experienced anxiety is modified by cognitive biases, of which the most important is interpretive bias (the tendency to interpret ambiguous stimuli and events in a threatening fashion). It is assumed that four of the main anxiety disorders (panic disorder; social phobia; obsessive-compulsive disorder; specific phobia) involve an interpretive bias mainly for one of the four sources of information, and that generalized anxiety disorder involves an interpretive bias for all four sources. Therapeutic implications of this theoretical approach are discussed.

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