Efectos de la complejidad de una tarea de localización de fallos sobre la carga mental subjetiva

• Autores: Susana Rubio Valdehita
• Localización: Revista de psicología del trabajo y de las organizaciones = Journal of work and organizational psychology, ISSN 1576-5962, Vol. 9, Nº 25, 1993, págs. 145-164
• Idioma: español
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo (htm)
• Dialnet Métricas: 1 Cita
• Resumen
  • español

    Para investigar los efectos de la complejidad de una tarea de localización de fallos sobre la carga percibida por los sujetos y sobre la ejecución, se diseñó un experimento en el que se combinaban los siguientes factores entresujetos: número de componentes del sistema (complejidad perceptiva) y extensión de la pista proporcionada para resolver el problema Los resultados sugieren una disociación entre las medidas subjetivas de carga y la ejecución. El efecto facilitador de las pistas proporcionadas se puso de manifiesto reduciendo el tiempo total de ejecución y el número de componentes revisados. El aumento de la complejidad perceptiva incrementó el número de componentes revisados por los sujetos. Además, los resultados indicaron que el éxito en la ejecución está determinado en gran medida por el uso de estrategias de búsqueda de información apropiadas.

  • English

    An experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of task complexity and cues on subjective workload response and performance using a fault location task. There were two between-subject factors: number of system elements (perceptual complexity) and cue extension (problem solving complexity). During the task the subjects tried to detect which one of the functional network components did not work properly. Three logic gates AND, OR and INVERSOR were used to represent the component function. Each one of the system elements included information in terms of symbols. Some subjects recived cues about the type and/or function of the component in which the failure was located. An instrument similar to TLX (Task Load Index) was used to assess subject's mental workload.

    The results suggest a dissociation between subjective workload measures and performance. The cue extension increment reduced performance time and number of test needed for problem solution. Perceptual complexity increased number of test needed. Performance success was largely determined by adopting an appropriate search heuristic.

• Referencias bibliográficas
  • Bishu, R. M.; Drury, C. G.; Czaja, S. J. y Sharit, J. (1989). "The effects of gruping and cueing in the performance of location tasks"....
  • Bortolussi, M. R.; Kantowitz, B. H. y Hart, S. G. (1986). "Measuring pilot workload in a motion base trainer". Applied Ergonomics,...
  • Brooke, J. B. y Duncan, K. D. (1981). "Effects of system display format on performance in a fault location task". Ergonomics, 24,...
  • Casali, J. G. y Wierwille, W. W. (1984). "On the measurement of pilot perceptual workload: a comparison of assessment techniques addresing...
  • Coury, B. G. y Pietras, C. M. (1989). "Alphanumeric and graphic displays for dynamic process monitoring and control". Ergonomics,...
  • Damos, D. L. y Smist, T. E. (1983). "1ndividual differences in multiple-task performance as a function of response strategy". Human...
  • Derrick, W. L. (1988). "Dimensions of Operator Workload". Human Factors, 30, 1, 95-110.
  • Gopher, D. y Donchin E. (1986). "Workload: An examination of the concept". En K. R. Boff, L. Kaufman, y J. P. Thomas (eds.), Handbook...
  • Hancock, P. A. (1989). "The effect of performance failure and task demand on the perception of mental workload". Applied Ergonomics,...
  • Hancock, P. A. y Meshkati, N. (eds.) (1988). Human Mental Workload. NorthHolland: Amsterdam.
  • Hart, S. G.; Battiste, V. y Lester, P. T. (1984). Proceedings of the Twentieth Annual Conference on Manual Control. NASA SP-2341, 431-454.
  • Hart, S. G. y Staveland, L. E. (1988). "Development of NASA-TXL (Task Load Index): Results of empirical and theoretical research"....
  • Jubis, R. M. (1990). "Coding effects on performance in a process control' task with uniparameter and multiparameter displays"....
  • Lind, M. (1991). "Decision models and the design of k6owledge-based systems". En J. Rasmussen, B. Brehmer, y J. Leplat (eds.), Distributed...
  • Moray, N. (1982). "Subjective mental workload". Human Factors, 24, 1, 25-40.
  • Nygren, T. E. (1991). "Psychometric properties of subjective workload measurement techniques: implications for their use in the assessment...
  • Morris, N. M. y Rouse, W. B. (1985). "Review and evaluation of empirical research in troubleshooting". Human Factors. 27. 503-530.
  • O'Donnel, R. y Eggemeier, F. T. (1986). "Workload assessment methodology". En K. R. Boff, L. Katifinan, y J. P. Thomas (eds.),...
  • Posner, M. I.; Nissen, M. J. y Ogden, W. C. (1978). "Attended and unattended processing modes: the role of set for spatial location"....
  • Poulton, E. C. (1982). "Influential companions: Effects of one strategy on another in the within-subjects designs of cognitive psychology"....
  • Rasmussen, J. (1981). "Models of mental strategies in process control". En J. Rasmussen y W. Rouse (eds.), Human Detection and Diagnosis...
  • Reason, J. (1991). Human Error. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Reid, G. B.; Eggemeier, F. T. y Shingledecker, C. A. (1982). "Subjetive workloadassessment technique". Proceedings of the 192 A1AA...
  • Rouse, W. B. y Rouse, S. H. (1979). "Measures of complexity of fault diagnosis tasks". I.E.E.E. Transactions on Systems, Man and Cybernetics,...
  • Rouse, W. B. y Rouse, S. H. (1984). "Human information seeking and design of information systems". Information Processing and Management,...
  • Scerbo, M. W. y Fisk, A. D. (1990). "Understanding strategic usage of the 'on-the job' reference aids". Applied Ergonomics,...
  • Vidulich, M. A. y Tsang, P. S. (1986). "Techniques of subjective workload assessment: a comparison of SWAT and the NASA-bipolar methods"...
  • Vidulich, M. A. y Wickens, C. D. (1986). "Causes of dissociation between subjective workload measures and performance". Applied Ergonomics....
  • Vidulich, M. A.; Ward, G. F. & Schueren, J. (1991). "Using the subjective. workload dominance (SWORD) technique in projective workload...