Terrorismo y Trastorno de Estrés Postraumático (I): Análisis Histórico

• Andrea García de Marina ^[1] ; María Paz García-Vera ^[1] ; Ashley Navarro-McCarthy ^[1] ; Ana Sanz-García ^[1] ; Adela Jiménez-Prensa ^[1] ; Timanfaya Hernández-Martínez ^[1] ; Jesús Sanz ^[1]
  1. [1] Universidad Complutense de Madrid

     Universidad Complutense de Madrid

     Madrid, España

     
• Localización: Revista de historia de la psicología, ISSN-e 2445-0928, ISSN 0211-0040, Vol. 46, Nº 4, 2025, págs. 30-38
• Idioma: español
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Terrorism and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: Historical Analysis
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo (pdf)
• Resumen
  • español

    Tras los atentados terroristas del 11-S, aumentaron notablemente las publicaciones científicas sobre las consecuencias psicopatológicas del terrorismo. Sin embargo, Durodié y Wainwright (2019) defienden que ese incremento se debió más a la influencia del DSM-IV y su definición del trastorno de estrés postraumático (TEPT) y a los efectos de un nuevo guion cultural centrado en la vulnerabilidad. Este trabajo y su segunda parte (Hernández-Martínez et al., 2025) analizan sus argumentos y datos históricos.

    En este trabajo, se presenta un análisis histórico del TEPT que, contrariamente a lo defendido por Durodié y Wainwright, revela que ya desde finales del XIX existía una literatura científica que proponía diversos constructos psicopatológicos (p. ej., espina dorsal ferroviaria, choque por obús, neurosis de guerra, reacción grave de estrés, síndrome pos-Vietnam) que reconocían la relevancia de ciertos acontecimientos para causar alteraciones psicológicas y asumían que tales sucesos podían provocar esas alteraciones en personas sin ninguna predisposición.

  • English

    After the 9/11 terrorist attacks, scientific publications on the psychopathological consequences of terrorism increased significantly. However, Durodié and Wainwright (2019) argue that this increase was due more to the influence of the DSM-IV and its definition of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and to the effects of a new cultural script focused on vulnerability. This paper and its second part (HernándezMartínez et al., 2025) analyze their arguments and historical data. In this work, a historical analysis of PTSD is presented which, contrary to what those investigators advocate, reveals that already since the late 19th century there was a scientific literature proposing various psychopathological constructs (e.g., railroad spine, shell shock, war neurosis, gross stress reaction, post-Vietnam syndrome) that recognized the relevance of certain events to cause psychological disturbances and assumed that such events could cause these disturbances in people without any predisposition.

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