Measuring Cyber Interpersonal Violence in Adolescents: Development and Validation of the CyIVIA Instrument

• Bárbara Machado ^[2] ; Isabel Araújo ^[3] ; Rui Ferreira Jesus ^[3] ; Estela Vilhena ; Ricardo Castro ; Paula Lobato de Faria ^[4] ; Sónia Caridade ^[1]
  1. [1] Universidade do Minho

     Universidade do Minho

     Braga (São José de São Lázaro), Portugal

     
  2. [2] NOVA University of Lisboa
  3. [3] Polytechnic University of Health
  4. [4] NOVA University

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• Localización: EJIHPE: European Journal of Investigation in Health, Psychology and Education, ISSN 2174-8144, ISSN-e 2254-9625, Vol. 15, Nº. 11, 2025, págs. 218-218
• Idioma: inglés
• DOI: 10.3390/ejihpe15110218
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• Resumen

  • Background: The growing prevalence of cyber interpersonal violence (CIV) among adolescents necessitates tools to assess its dimensions: victimization, perpetration, and bystander roles. This study develops and validates the “Cyber Interpersonal Violence Instrument for Adolescents” (CyIVIA). Method: CyIVIA’s development involved 253 adolescents, comprising 146 boys and 107 girls, aged between 11 and 16 years, from northern Portugal. The 40-item Likert-scale tool assesses direct (victimization and perpetration) and indirect (bystander roles) CIV. Analyses included exploratory and confirmatory factor testing for reliability and validity. Results: CyIVIA demonstrated internal consistency (α = 0.743–0.851) and a robust multidimensional structure. 56.5% reported CIV involvement, with gender differences: girls showed higher victimization, and boys, higher perpetration. The 8th grade emerged as a key intervention period. Conclusions: CyIVIA is a reliable tool for assessing CIV among adolescents. Interventions should focus on prevention, empower active bystanders, and promote safer digital environments.

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