Preschool teachers’ and children’s experiences and changes regarding in-school practices since the COVID-19 pandemic: what do teachers and children say?

• Merve Gangal ^[2] ; Şengül Pala ^[1]
  1. [1] Kırıkkale University

     Kırıkkale University

     Turquía

     
  2. [2] Trabzon University
• Localización: European Journal of Psychology of Education, ISSN-e 1878-5174, ISSN 0256-2928, Vol. 40, Nº 4, 2025
• Idioma: inglés
• DOI: 10.1007/s10212-025-01013-w
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo
• Resumen

  • The research aims to investigate educational activities in preschool classrooms during the post-pandemic period from the perspectives of teachers and children. A qualitative research-case study design was employed. The study group consisted of 11 children (six girls, five boys) aged 4–6 years and seven teachers (female) from various cities in Turkey. Data were collected through a demographic information form, a video vignette–supported semi-structured interview form for children, and a semi-structured interview form for teachers. Data were analyzed using content analysis. The results indicated changes in classroom routines, activities, and play practices after the COVID-19 pandemic. Teachers reported several practices for managing the preschool education process, including reducing class size, increasing precautions, team-teaching, shortening the duration of education, and clarifying rules. Findings also showed that children experienced difficulties during this period, such as reluctance to wear masks, challenges in following rules, discomfort with disinfectants, reluctance to wash hands, and difficulty accessing hygienic materials.

• Referencias bibliográficas
  • Aktan Acar, E., Erbaş, Y. H., & Eryaman, M. Y. (2021). Okul öncesi öğretmenlerinin Covid-19 pandemi sürecinde uzaktan eğitime ilişkin...
  • Anderson, E. C., Carleton, R. N., Diefenbach, M., & Han, P. K. (2019). The relationship between uncertainty and affect. Frontiers in psychology,...
  • Andersson Søe, M., Schad, E., & Psouni, E. (2023). ‘Distance creates distance’: Preschool staff experiences and reflections concerning...
  • Apostolou, Z., & Lavidas, K. (2022). Greek preschool teacher’s views about language activities in early childhood education during covid-19....
  • Aral, A. Q., & Kadan, G. (2021). Pandemi sürecinde okul öncesi öğretmenlerinin yaşadıkları problemlerin incelenmesi. Kırşehir Ahi Evran...
  • Araújo, L. A. D., Veloso, C. F., Souza, M. D. C., Azevedo, J. M. C. D., & Tarro, G. (2021). The potential impact of the COVID-19 pandemic...
  • Bağçeli Karaman, P., & Apak, Y. M. (2021). Preschool teacher opinions on adaptation to school during the COVID 19 pandemic. International...
  • Berg, B. L. (2001). Qualitative research methods for the social sciences (4th ed.). Allyn and Bacon.
  • Bilen, M. (1993). Plandan uygulamaya öğretim. Takav Matbaacılık.
  • Bulotsky-Shearer, R. J., Wen, X., Faria, A. M., Hahs-Vaughn, D. L., & Korfmacher, J. (2012). National profiles of classroom quality and...
  • Christensen, P., & James, A. (2008). Research with children: Perspectives and practices (2nd ed.). Routledge.
  • Cray, K. (2020). How the Coronavirus Is Influencing Children’s Play. Retrived [April 23, 2024], from https://www.theatlantic.com/family/archive/2020/04/coronavirustag-and-other-games-kids-play-during-a-pandemic/609253
  • Creswell, J. W. (2009). Research design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (3rd ed.). Sage Publications.
  • Damayanti, R., Sumantri, M. S., & Nurani, Y. (2024). Building resilience beyond the COVID-19 pandemic: Can it work through creative play...
  • Davies, C., Hendry, A., Gibson, S., Gliga, T., McGillion, M., & Gonzalez-Gomez, N. (2021). Early childhood education and care (ECEC) during...
  • Dayal, H. C., & Tiko, L. (2020). When are we going to have the real school? A case study of early childhood education and care teachers’...
  • Dockett, S., Einarsdottir, J., & Perry, B. (2017). Photo elicitation: Reflecting on multiple sites of meaning. International Journal of...
  • Dong, C., Cao, S., & Li, H. (2020). Young children’s online learning during COVID-19 pandemic: Chinese parents’ beliefs and attitudes....
  • DurmuşoğluSaltalı, N. (2021). Risk factors of the covid-19 pandemic in the development of preschool children and protective factors. Journal...
  • Egan, S. M., Pope, J., Moloney, M., Hoyne, C., & Beatty, C. (2021). Missing early education and care during the pandemic: The socio-emotional...
  • Einarsdóttir, J. (2007). Research with children: Methodological and ethical challenges. European Early Childhood Education Research Journal,...
  • Einarsdóttir, J. (2014). Children’s perspectives on play. L. Brooker, M., Blaise, & S. Edwards (Eds.) In The Sage handbook of play and...
  • Essler, S., Christner, N., & Paulus, M. (2023). Short-term and long-term effects of the Covid-19 pandemic on child psychological well-being:...
  • Fantuzzo, J., McWayne, C., Perry, M. A., & Childs, S. (2004). Multiple dimensions of family involvement and their relations to behavioral...
  • Fong, V., & Iarocci, G. (2020). Child and family outcomes following pandemics: A systematic review and recommendations on COVID-19 policies....
  • Ford, T. G., Kwon, K. A., & Tsotsoros, J. D. (2021). Early childhood distance learning in the US during the COVID pandemic: Challenges...
  • Gall, M. D., Borg, W. R., & Gall, J. P. (1999). Educational research: An introduction. Longman Publishing.
  • Garcia de Avila, M. A., Hamamoto Filho, P. T., Jacob, F. L. D. S., Alcantara, L. R. S., Berghammer, M., Jenholt Nolbris, M., & Nilsson,...
  • Gilliam, W. S., Malik, A. A., Shafiq, M., Klotz, M., Reyes, C., Humphries, J. E., Murray, T., Elharake, J. A., Wilkinson, D., & Omer,...
  • Golberstein, E., Wen, H., & Miller, B. (2020). Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and mental health for children and adolescents. JAMA...
  • Gomes, J., Almeida, S. C., Kaveri, G., et al. (2021). Early childhood educators as COVID warriors: Adaptations and responsiveness to the pandemic...
  • Idoiaga, N., Berasategi, N., Eiguren, A., & Picaza, M. (2020). Exploring children’s social and emotional representations of the COVID-19...
  • Kousky, C. (2016). Impacts of natural disasters on children. The Future if Children, 26, 73–92. https://doi.org/10.1353/foc.2016.0004
  • Letzel-Alt, V., Pozas, M., & Schneider, C. (2022). “I miss my school!”: Examining primary and secondary school students’ social distancing...
  • McMillan, J. H. (2004). Educational research: Fundamentals for the Consumer (4th Ed). Person.
  • Merriam, S. B. (2009). Qualitative research: A guide to design and implementation. Jossey-Bass.
  • Ministry of National Education (MoNE). (2013). Preschool Education Programme. Retrived [January 20, 2024], from https://mufredat.meb.gov.tr/Dosyalar/20195712275243okuloncesi_egitimprogrami.pdf
  • Ministry of National Education. (2021). Bakan Özer, okullarda yüz yüze eğitim hazırlıklarının detaylarını açıkladı. Retrived [November 15,...
  • Morris, A. S., Silk, J. S., Steinberg, L., Myers, S. S., & Robinson, L. R. (2007). The role of the family context in the development of...
  • Ogelman, Gülay, H., Güngör, H., & Göktaş, İ. (2021). Okul Öncesi Dönem Çocuklarının COVID-19 Pandemi Döneminde Dayanıklılıklarının Yaş...
  • Ozamiz-Etxbarria, N., Picaza, M., Jiménez-Etxebarria, E., & Cornelius-White, J. H. (2022). Back to school in the pandemic: Observations...
  • Pala, Ş., & Gangal, M. (2022). Post Pandemik Eğitim Sürecinde Okul Öncesi Öğretmenlerinin Aile Katılımına İlişkin Görüşlerinin İncelenmesi....
  • Pala, Ş., Coşgun, A. A., & Yılmaz, A. (2022). Changes in children’s play during COVID-19 pandemic: Parents’ views. FSM İlmi Araştırmalar...
  • Pascal, C., & Bertram, T. (2021). What do young children have to say? Recognising their voices, wisdom, agency and need for companionship...
  • Patton, M. Q. (2002). Qualitative Research & Evaluation Methods (3rd ed.). Sage Publications.
  • Saldaña, J. (2009). The coding manual for qualitative researchers. Sage.
  • Saraç, S., Gülay Ogelman, H., & Yıldırım, Ö. (2023). Adjustment to Preschool after COVID-19 in Turkey: Teachers’ erspectives. Early Years,...
  • Skilling, K., & Stylianides, G. J. (2019). Using vignettes in educational research: A framework for vignette construction. International...
  • Smith, A. B. (2004). How do infants and toddlers learn the rules? Family discipline and young children. International Journal of Early Childhood....
  • Stake, R. (1995). Case researcher roles, the art of case study research. Sage Publications.
  • Stites, M. L., Sonneschein, S., & Galczyk, S. H. (2021). Preschool parents’ views of distance learning during COVID-19. Early Education...
  • Tregenza, S., & Campbell-Barr, V. (2023). Quality early childhood education and care in a time of COVID-19. Journal of Early Childhood...
  • TÜBA (2020) Covid-19 Pandemi Değerlendirme Raporu. Ankara
  • UNESCO. (2020). COVID-19 education response. UNESCO. Retrived [April 23, 2024], from https://en.unesco.org/covid19/educationresponse#schoolclosures
  • UNESCO. (2023). COVID-19 education response: Initiatives. UNESCO. Retrived [April 23, 2024], from https://www.unesco.org/en/covid-19/education-response/initiatives?hub=800
  • UNICEF. (2020). Supporting your child’s mental health as they return to school during COVID-19. Retrived [August 30, 2020], from https://www.unicef.org/coronavirus/supporting-your-childs-mental-health-during-covid-19-school-return
  • Uyanık, Ö., & Kandır, A. (2010). Okul öncesi dönemde erken akademik beceriler. Kuramsal Eğitimbilim Dergisi, 3(2).
  • Van Ijzendoorn, M. H., & Sagi, A. (2008). Cross-cultural patterns of attachment: Universal and contextual dimensions J. Cassidy, P.R....
  • Wang, G., Zhang, Y., Zhao, J., Zhang, J., & Jiang, F. (2020). Mitigate the effects of home confinement on children during the COVID-19...
  • Weiland, C., & Morris, P. (2022). The risks and opportunities of the COVID-19 crisis for building longitudinal evidence on today’s early...
  • Yanık Özger, B. (2022). Covid-19 Pandemi Döneminde Okul Öncesindeki Uzaktan Eğitim Sürecinin İncelenmesi. Çukurova Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler...
  • Yıldırım, B. (2021). Preschool education in Turkey during the covid-19 pandemic: A phenomenological study. Early Childhood Education Journal,...
  • Yıldız, E., & Şahin, K. (2022). Covid-19 Pandemi Sürecinde Okul Öncesi Eğitimin Öğretmen Görüşleri Açısından İncelenmesi. Eğitim Bilim...
  • Yin, R. K. (2002). Case study research: Design and methods. Sage Publications.