The Effects of COVID-19 Work Demands on Mental Health and Work-Family Conflict: The Moderating Role of Supervisor Support

• Autores: Elisa Valenzuela Capellán, Ernesto Rosario Hernández, Antonio Zapata-Solá
• Localización: Revista Iberoamericana de Psicología, ISSN-e 2027-1786, Vol. 17, Nº. 3, 2024, págs. 9-23
• Idioma: inglés
• DOI: 10.33881/2027-1786.rip.17302
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Os efeitos das demandas de trabalho da COVID-19 na saúde mental e no conflito trabalho-família: o papel moderador do apoio do supervisor
  • Los efectos de las demandas laborales debido al COVID-19 en la salud mental y el conflicto trabajo-familia: El papel moderador del apoyo de los supervisores
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo (pdf)
• Resumen
  • español

    Este estudio examinó el impacto de la pandemia del COVID-19 en una muestra de trabajadores de la República Dominicana, Puerto Rico y los Estados Unidos de América explorando la percepción de las demandas (CWD) y los recursos laborales, y su impacto en la salud mental (ansiedad y depresión) y en el conflicto trabajo-familia (WFCDC). Además, se examinó el papel mediador del conflicto trabajo-familia y el papel moderador del apoyo del supervisor en la relación entre las demandas laborales debido al COVID-19 y la salud mental. En este estudio participó una muestra por conveniencia de 352 trabajadores. Se utilizó PLS-SEM para probar las hipótesis. Los resultados proporcionan evidencia sobre los efectos perjudiciales de las demandas laborales sobre la salud mental de los empleados y el conflicto entre el trabajo y la familia. Los efectos directos del apoyo del supervisor indican que tiene una relación negativa y sustancial con el bienestar psicológico y el conflicto entre el trabajo y la familia. Estos resultados implican que el apoyo del supervisor funciona como un recurso para los empleados. En términos del efecto de WFCDC sobre la salud mental, nuestros resultados indican que los conflictos entre las responsabilidades laborales y familiares median significativamente la relación entre estas variables y resultan en una disminución de la salud mental de los trabajadores. En términos de sintomatología de ansiedad, el WFCDC media parcialmente la relación entre las demandas laborales y la ansiedad.

  • English

    This study examined the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on a worker sample from the Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico, and the United States of America by exploring the perception of job demands (CWD) and resources and its impact on mental health (anxiety and depression) and work-family conflict (WFCDC). In addition, we examined the mediating role of work-family conflict and the moderating role of supervisor support in the relationship between work demands due to COVID-19 and mental health. A convenient sample of 352 workers participated in this study. A partial least squares structural equation modeling was conducted to test the hypotheses. The results provide evidence regarding the detrimental effects of work demands on employees’ mental health and work-family conflict. The direct effects of supervisor support indicate that it has a negative and substantial relationship with psychological well-being and work-family conflict. These results imply that the supervisor’s support functions as an employee resource. In terms of the effect of WFCDC on mental health, our results indicate that conflicts between work and family responsibilities significantly mediate the relationship between these variables and result in a decline in the workers’ mental health. In terms of anxiety symptomatology, the WFCDC partially mediates the relationship between work demands and anxiety.

  • português

    Este estudo examinou o impacto da pandemia de COVID-19 em uma amostra de trabalhadores da República Dominicana, Porto Rico e Estados Unidos da América, explorando a percepção das demandas (CWD) e dos recursos de trabalho e seu impacto na saúde mental (ansiedade e depressão) e no conflito trabalho-família (WFCDC). Além disso, examinou-se o papel mediador do conflito trabalho-família e o papel moderador do apoio do supervisor na relação entre as demandas de trabalho devido ao COVID-19 e a saúde mental. Participou deste estudo uma amostra por conveniência de 352 trabalhadores. Utilizou-se PLS-SEM para testar as hipóteses. Os resultados fornecem evidências sobre os efeitos prejudiciais das demandas de trabalho na saúde mental dos funcionários e no conflito entre trabalho e família. Os efeitos diretos do apoio do supervisor indicam que ele tem uma relação negativa e substancial com o bem-estar psicológico e o conflito entre trabalho e família. Esses resultados implicam que o apoio do supervisor funciona como um recurso para os funcionários. Em termos do efeito de WFCDC sobre a saúde mental, nossos resultados indicam que os conflitos entre as responsabilidades de trabalho e familiares mediam significativamente a relação entre essas variáveis, resultando em uma diminuição na saúde mental dos trabalhadores. Em termos de sintomatologia de ansiedade, o WFCDC medeia parcialmente a relação entre as demandas de trabalho e a ansiedade

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