Italian Adaptation of the No-Mobile-Phone-Phobia Questionnaire: Factorial Validity with the ESEM Technique and Population-Based Cut-Off Scores

• Sergio Traficante ^[5] ; Luigi Tinella ^[1] ; Antonella Lopez ^[2] ; Sergio A. Useche ^[3] ; Sjaan Koppel ^[4] ; Giuseppina Spano ^[6] ; Elisabetta Ricciardi ^[5] ; Rosa Napoletano ^[5] ; Andrea Bosco ^[5] ; Alessandro O. Caffò ^[5]
  1. [1] University of Salerno

     University of Salerno

     Fisciano, Italia

     
  2. [2] University of Molise

     University of Molise

     Campobasso, Italia

     
  3. [3] Universitat de València

     Universitat de València

     Valencia, España

     
  4. [4] Monash University

     Monash University

     Australia

     
  5. [5] University of Bari
  6. [6] Pegaso Telematic University

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• Localización: EJIHPE: European Journal of Investigation in Health, Psychology and Education, ISSN 2174-8144, ISSN-e 2254-9625, Vol. 15, Nº. 8, 2025, págs. 166-166
• Idioma: inglés
• DOI: 10.3390/ejihpe15080166
• Enlaces
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• Resumen

  • Nomophobia is a multifaceted phenomenon characterized by fear and anxiety when individuals feel disconnected from their technological environment. Its assessment remains difficult due to limited tools and lack of empirically supported cut-off points. This study aimed to contribute to the Italian validation of the Nomophobia Questionnaire (NMP-Q), testing a four-factor structure and establishing normative data by age and gender. Data were collected from 1447 participants. Exploratory Structural Equation Modeling (ESEM) assessed different factorial configurations. A bifactor ESEM (B-ESEM) with a four-factor solution showed the best fit (CFI = 0.95; TLI = 0.94; RMSEA = 0.06), offering a more accurate representation than the three-factor model. Scores were computed for the 1st and the 99th percentile and for each ventile; the 80th and 95th percentiles indicate risk and presence of nomophobia, respectively. Females scored highest across age groups, while older adults reported the lowest levels. These findings support the NMP-Q’s reliability and use in the Italian context.

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