Validación de la escala CAPEMI-E: Un estudio preliminar en una muestra de adolescentes de Fray Bentos, Uruguay

• Buschiazzo, Andrés ^[1] ; Góngora, Vanesa ^[2]
  1. [1] Centro de Estudios Adlerianos. Universidad de Palermo
  2. [2] Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Universidad de Palermo
• Localización: Psicodebate. Psicología, Cultura y Sociedad, ISSN-e 2451-6600, ISSN 1515-2251, Vol. 25, Nº. 1, 2025 (Ejemplar dedicado a: Psicodebate 25(1) - June 2025 - November 2025), págs. 68-82
• Idioma: español
• DOI: 10.18682/pd.v25i1.11542
• Títulos paralelos:
  • Preliminary Validation of the CAPEMI-E Scale in an Adolescent Sample from Fray Bentos, Uruguay
• Enlaces
  • Texto completo (pdf)
• Resumen
  • español

    Los rasgos positivos son características positivas humanas duraderas y valoradas que se manifiestan en pensamientos, sentimientos y comportamientos. Una forma de estudiar los rasgos positivos es a través de un enfoque psicoléxico. En este tipo de abordaje se investigan las diferencias individuales de los rasgos positivos que se encuentran codificados en la lengua natural de los sujetos. Un instrumento que deriva de este enfoque es el CAPEMI-E, confeccionado en población argentina y cuya estructura de rasgos positivos se encuentra conformada por los rasgos: Erudición, Jovialidad, Honestidad, Paz, Espiritualidad, Tenacidad. El objetivo de este estudio fue validar el CAPEMI-E en adolescentes de Uruguay. Además, se analizaron diferencias individuales de estos rasgos en función del género y la edad. Se recolectaron datos de 400 adolescentes de Fray Bentos, Uruguay. Se encontró que la estructura original de seis rasgos positivos no se replicaba. En su lugar, se presentó una estructura de cinco rasgos: Erudición, Jovialidad, Honestidad, Paz y Espiritualidad con adecuados niveles de consistencia interna (alfas/omegas = .66/.84). Las mujeres mostraron niveles más elevados que los hombres en el rasgo Honestidad, y que Erudición, Paz y Honestidad fueron los rasgos con mayor presencia en los adolescentes mayores de 16 años. El CAPEMI-E ha demostrado ser una herramienta válida y confiable para medir rasgos positivos en jóvenes uruguayos. Esto es particularmente relevante, dado que los rasgos positivos juegan un papel clave en la salud mental y el bienestar de los adolescentes.

  • English

    Positive traits are enduring and valued positive human characteristics that manifest themselves in thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. One way to study positive traits is through a psycholexical approach. This type of approach investigates individual differences in positive traits that are encoded in the natural language of the subjects. An instrument derived from this approach is the CAPEMI-E, made in the Argentine population and whose structure of positive traits is made up of the following traits: Erudition; Joviality; Honesty; Peacefulness; Spirituality; Tenacity. The aim of this study was to validate the CAPEMI-E in Uruguayan adolescents. In addition, individual differences in these traits were analyzed as a function of gender and age. Data were collected from 400 adolescents from Fray Bentos, Uruguay. It was found that the original structure of six positive traits was not replicated. Instead, a five-trait structure was presented: Erudition, Joviality, Honesty, Peacefulness, and Spirituality with high levels of internal consistency (alphas/omegas = .66/.84). Females showed higher levels than males in the trait Honesty, and that Erudition, Peace and Honesty were the traits with the highest presence in adolescents over 16 years of age. The CAPEMI-E has proven to be a valid and reliable tool to measure positive traits in Uruguayan youth. This is particularly relevant given that positive traits play a key role in the mental health and well-being of adolescents.

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