Acceso usuarios
Yazmín González Alvarado, Teresita de Jesús Saucedo Molina, Lilián Elizabeth Bosques, Claudia Unikel Santoncini
Las conductas alimentarias de riesgo (CAR) son antecesoras de los trastornos de la conducta alimentaria. Métodos: Se evaluó el efecto de dos programas de prevención universal basados en la teoría de la disonancia cognitiva (DC), el proyecto cuerpo (PC) y el programa de Prevención de conductas alimentarias no saludables y sedentarismo (PECANSS), sobre CAR, interiorización del ideal de la delgadez (IID), obsesión por la musculatura (OM), insatisfacción-corporal (IC), afecto-negativo (ANE), actividad física moderadavigorosa (AFMV) e índice de masa corporal (IMC). Estudio cuasi experimental-longitudinal (pre-postest-seguimiento-1-año), constó de cuatro grupos-intervenidos (GI) y dos controles (GC) por sexo, con una muestra no probabilística (318 universitarios mexicanos; 65% mujeres), Medad = 19,35 años (DT = 1,82). Resultados: Intragrupalmente, las mujeres disminuyeron CAR (GI-1-PECANSS-R; GI-4-PCR; GI-5-PC), IIED (GI-4-PC-R; GI-5-PC), OM (GI-4-PC-R), IC (GI-5-PC), ANE (GI-4-PC-R) y aumentaron AFMV (GI-1-PECANSSR) e IMC (GI-2-PECANS; GI-4-PC-R). Los hombres, disminuyeron ANE (GI-5-PC) y aumentaron AFMV (GI-2-PECANSS) e IMC (GI-4-PC-R). Sin diferencias entre grupos en las variables al final de las intervenciones. Conclusiones: Se sugiere que, dependiendo del sexo de los participantes y del GI, los programas tienen un efecto intragrupo sobre las CAR y otras variables evaluadas.
Disorder eating behaviors (DEB) are precursors to eating disorders, and can cause biopsychosocial dysfunction. Methods: The effect of two universal prevention based on Cognitive Dissonance, specifically the Body Project (BP) and the Prevention of Unhealthy Eating Behaviors and Sedentary Lifestyles (Spanish acronym PECANSS) on DEB, thinideal internalization (TII), drive for muscularity (DM), body dissatisfaction (BD), negative-affect (NA), moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and body mass index (BMI) were evaluated in a non-probabilistic sample of Mexican university students. It was a quasi-experimental and longitudinal study (pretest-posttest-one-year follow-up) of four intervention groups (IG) and two control groups (CG) by sex. Valid questionnaires were administered to 318 students to measure the variables (65% women; Mage = 19.35 years; SD = 1.82). Results: In women at the intragroup level, reported a decrease in IGs over time in DEB (IG-1-PECANSS-R; IG-4-BP-R; IG-5-BP), TII (IG-4-BP-R; IG-5-BP), DM (IG-4-BP-R), BD (IG-5-BP), NA (IG-4-BP-R) and increased MVPA (IG-1-PECANSS-R), BMI (IG-2-PECANSS; IG-4-BP-R). Among intragroup men, decreased NA (IG-5-BP) and, increased MVPA (IG-2-PECANSS), BMI (IG-4-BP-R). There were no differences between groups in the variables at the end of the interventions. Conclusions: The results suggest that depending on participants’ sex and IG, the programs had an intragroup effect on DEB and other variables evaluated.
