Colombia
La ideación suicida tiene alta prevalencia en Colombia (39.2%), siendo un problema de salud pública que parece ser mayor en estudiantes de medicina. El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar dos modelos explicativos de la ideación suicida incluyendo las variables depresión, consumo de sustancias psicoactivas, pertenencia frustrada, carga percibida, y burnout académico, evaluando en este último su rol tanto mediador como moderador. Se trabajó con un diseño explicativo con variables latentes con 620 participantes entre los 18 y 46 años (M = 20.72, 56% hombres). Los resultados indicaron el papel mediador de depresión, consumo de sustancias psicoactivas y burnout académico entre pertenencia frustrada y carga percibida con ideación suicida explicando un 45% de la varianza (CFI = .98; TLI = .95; SRMR = .062; , p < .001; RMSEA = .103 [.071-.139]). Se discute que, para explicar mayor varianza de la ideación suicida, es necesario incluir terceras variables en roles de mediación o moderación y no sólo factores de riesgo lineales.
Suicidal ideation has a high prevalence in Colombia (39.2%), constituting a public health issue that seems to be pronounced among medical students. The aim of this study was to examine two explanatory models of suicidal ideation, including the variables depression, psychoactive substance consumption, thwarted belongingness, perceived burdensomeness, and academic burnout, assessing the role of the latter as both mediator and moderator. An explanatory design with latent variables was employed, involving 620 participants aged 18 to 46 years (M = 20.72, 56% male). Results indicate that depression, psychoactive substance consumption, and academic burnout mediate the relationship between thwarted belongingness and perceived burdensomeness with suicidal ideation, explaining 45% of the variance (CFI=.98; TLI=.95; SRMR=.062; , p < .001; RMSEA=.103 [.071.139]). It is argued that to explain a greater variance in suicidal ideation, it is necessary to include third variables in mediation or moderation roles, and not only linear risk factors